| With the aggravated environmental pollution, increased life stress and other risk factors in the rapid development of modern society, the prevalence of allergic rhinitis becomes higher, which was more than500million allergic rhinitis patients worldwide reported in Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma2010. As allergic rhinitis influences patients’health, daily life and work, it is obviously valuable to seek a potential drug from traditional Chinese medicine with significant curative effect and little side-effects to efficaciously prevent and cure allergic rhinitis. Licorice plays an important role in traditional Chinese medicine for allergic rhinitis, chronic sinusitis and other inflammatory diseases of nose. Glycyrrhetinic acid is the hydrolysate of glycyrrhizic acid which is the main component of licorice root.Glycyrrhetinic acid has a range of pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, immune-regulation and so on. Mitochondria are thought to play a central role in the life activity of cells and they are the most sensitive organelles to all kinds of injury at the same time.So the morphological changes reflect functional changes of cells. We observe the effect of glycyrrhetinic acid on the symptoms and mitochondria ultrastructure of nasal cilia in rat models of allergic rhinitis, looking forward to prove the curative effect of glycyrrhetinic acid on rat models of AR and provide experimental support for potential use of glycyrrhetinic acid on AR patients in the future. On the other hand, the side-effect of glycyrrhetinic acid has also been concerned. The main side-effect reported most was the adrenal mineralocorticoid-like effect caused by long-term or large dose of glycyrrhetinic acid administration, which performed as water-sodium retention, hypokalaemia and high blood-pressure.Blood cells include red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. The main function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen; White blood cells mainly play the role of immune; Platelets play an important role in the process of the bleeding, In normal circumstances, blood cells have a certain morphological structure and the number of blood cells is relatively stable, so they can response the side effects of drugs in a certain extent. We study the influence of long-term intragastric administration with18β-glycyrrhetinic acid on blood cells of normal rats, provide experimental data for evaluation the safe dosage and administration time of glycyrrhetinic acid when treating AR.Part one:The Influence of18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid on Mitochondria of Nasal Mucosa Epithelial Cells in Rats with Allergic RhinitisObjective:To observe the mitochondria dynamic changes of nasal mucosa epithelial cells in rats with allergic rhinitis and the influence of18β-glycyrrhetinic acid on them.Materials and Methods:Ninety-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into4groups as normal group, model group, loratadine group and glycyrrhetinic acid group. AR models were established by ovalbumin and each group was respectively treated subsequently. After2weeks,4weeks,6weeks and10weeks, the ultrastructure changes were observed and compared.Results:Mitochondria in the model group showed that the number of Mitochondria increased, crest disappeared, volume swelled or even cavitated and autophagy could be found. With persistent allergen exposure, the morphological changes aggravated gradually in the model group, meanwhile the changes in the glycyrrhetinic acid group (mentioned above in the model group) were improved and the mitochondria were much closer to the normal group with the extension of observation.Conclusion:Mitochondria ultrastructure changes of nasal mucosa ciliated epithelial cells in the rat with AR exacerbated gradually due to persistent exposure to allergen and18β-glycyrrhetinic acid is effective to relieve the mitochondria ultrastructure changes. Part two:The Influence of Long-term Intragastric Administration with18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid on Blood Cells of Normal RatsObjective:To observe the influence of long-term intragastric administration with18β-glycyrrhetinic acid on blood cells.Materials and Methods:96Wistar rats were randomly divided into4groups as normal group, low-dose group (25mg/Kg), mid-dose group (50mg/Kg) and high-dose group (100mg/Kg). Each group was administrated with respective dose of18β-glycyrrhetinic acid by gavage. At the14th,22nd,30th week of administration and the4th week of withdrawal gavage, the changes of RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCHC, MCH, WBC, N%, L%, PLT were compared.Results:At the14th,22nd and30th week, in each18β-glycyrrhetinic acid group (low-dose, mid-dose and high-dose) RBC, HGB, MCHC, N%, PLT were remarkably higher and MCV, L%were obviously lower compared with normal group and there was no significant difference among the low-dose group, middle-dose group and high-dose group. At the14th,22nd and30th week each index mentioned above was no significant difference. At the4th week of withdrawal each index mentioned above was close to the normal group and the difference was not statistically significant.At the14th,22nd,30th week of administration and the4th week of withdrawal HCT, MCH and WBC were not significant different compared with normal group, comparison among different groups in the same point and comparison among different time points in the same group were not significant difference.Conclusion:Long-term intragastric administration with18β-glycyrrhetinic leads to increase in RBC, HGB, MCHC, N%, PLT and decrease in MCV, L%; the effects disappear after drug withdrawal; There is no obvious effect on HCT, MCH, WBC. |
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