The Birth Defects Of Shandong Province In 2005~2012 In The Epidemiology Studies

Objective:With the rapid development of our social economic and the improvement of thescience and technology, the population problem has gradually shift from the simplecontrol population to improve population quality in our country. Part of the newborn withbirth defects can cause neonatal death, while different types of disability and defects maylead to the birth defects,even if most of them were survived. Thus,not only harm theirown physical and mental health,but also cause a heavy burden to the family and society.Therefore,reducing the incidence of birth defects has great important practical significanceto improving the comprehensive quality of the population and the social progress,avoidingthe psychological and spiritual of the patients and their families,reducing the economicburden of family and society. In order to providing the basis for preventing the birthdefects and establishing the corresponding public health strategies,we describe thesequence changes in the birth defects and the distribution characteristics,and explore therisk factors which may cause the birth defects.Methods:Shandong province mainly adopts the network which the monitoring stations ishospital, to analysis the birth defects. While the monitoring results were hard torepresent the entire province people. We carriey out an epidemiological investigation andstudy about the birth defects in the whole province from July, 2012 to September, 2013.We using the stratified random cluster sampling method,by the specially trainedinvestigators door-to-door visits questionnaire,applicating by experts team carefully studydesign questionnaire informed consent, and basic situation questionnaire, questionnaire inpatients with birth defects,and also modified and approved by the related epidemiological,statistics experts. We proceed a sampling survey in 17 cities and 139 counties, total of 1931 township office of shandong province.Birth defects diagnosis on the basis of "China’s birthdefects monitoring work manual". Respondents including the family who have fertilitybehavior from 0:00 on January 1, 2005 to 24:00 to June 30, 2012.Conducting a comprehensive analysis of the families with the birth defects infants and young children,to understand the KAP condition about the prevention of birth defects on the pregnant women in Shandong province.To master the occurrence of birth defects in Shandong province,and thechanges of the sequence in the birth defects. Through the face to face questionnaire surveyon the parents who have the birth defects,getting hold of the gestational age, birth weight,treatment condition, and the family economic income, living environment, which kind ofdefects about the children with birth defects. At the same time,understanding the parentsbefore conception and during pregnancy whether or not contract a disease, folic acidsupplementation, contacting undesirable stimulation, etc, to obtain the influence factorsof birth defects. Through the investigation to obtain accurately the reliable popular trendand distribution characteristics on the birth defects of Shandong provinceResults:1. A total of 82651 families take participate in the survey, receiving 99181 effectivequestionnaires, 99181 infants and young children(some families have more than onechild), among them the birth defects are 691, the prevalence of birth defects is 6.97‰.2. The sequence of the top five birth defects: congenital heart disease,multiple/dactylium dactylosymphysis, total cleft lip(Cleft lip, Cleft palate, Cleft lip andpalate), congenital hydrocephalus and hypospadias, 49.93% of the total birth defects.3. There are 6598 people from Heze, the birth defects are 60 and the prevalence is9.12 ‰, which is the highest in the 17 cities; The lowest prealence is Weihai,which is4.93‰. The prevalence among regions have no statistical differences.4. A total of 802 sample points in 17 cities, total of 99181 people(Boys: 53736, girls:45445); of children with birth defects are 691(Boys:435, girls: 256), the prevalence between the boys and girls shows a significant difference by chi-square test.5. The family surveyed from 2005 to 2012 were divided into four groups according tothe pure income in family of 2011: <5000 yuan, 5000 ~ 10000 yuan, 30000 yuan, >30000 yuan. After statistics processing, χ2=5.419,P=0.144,P>0.05, Pointing out that thereis no significant statistical differences between pure income in families and the birthdefects.6. Pregnant mother’s age, culture level, pregnant female career have an obviousdifferences with the birth defects7. Motherhood pregnancy folic acid supplementation and screening for eugenics is theprotective factors of birth defects,while father of the child contacting poison oroccupational hazard factors, suffering from chronic diseases, smoking and dringking is arisk factor of birth defects.Conclusion:1. The results show that the incidence of birth defects was 6.97 ‰; There are nosignificant differences in the prevalence of birth defects in 17 cities in Shandong province.2. The sequence of the top five birth defects in Shandong province are the congenitalheart disease, multiple/dactylium dactylosymphysis, total cleft lip(Cleft lip, Cleft palate,Cleft lip and palate), congenital hydrocephalus and hypospadias.3. The older pregnant women, lower cultural degree, workers and farmers are the riskfactors of the birth defects; Eugenic screening, supplementary folic acid plays aprotective role on reducing the birth defects.Fathers of the child contacting occupationalhazard factors, suffering from chronic diseases, smoking and drinking is a risk factor ofbirth defects.