Significance Of Serum PF4 And VEGF In Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Patients

Objective: breast cancer is a vascular dependent solid tumor, the growth and metastasis of the tumor is closely related to angiogenesis, the angiogenesis is regulated by a series of angiogenic factors and inhibited angiogenesis factors, these factors control the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. Platelet factor(PF4) is an endogenous inhibited angiogenesis factor, which could inhibit the growth and metastasis of many tumors through the anti-angiogenic effects has been approved, but the expression in breast cancer is rarely reported at home and abroad. Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is a powerful, most characteristic of angiogenic factor, it played an important role on the process of growth and metastasis in breast cancer. The level of VEGF in the tumor tissue and peripheral blood can be used as an index for the diagnosis and prognosis of the tumor. The determination of the level of VEGF in peripheral blood is more convenient, and more readily used for clinical application. CD31 is platelet endothelial cell adhesion factor, which can be used as a marker of the endothelial cells. The determination of the density of micro vascular(microverssel density, MVD) can quantitatively reflect the growth of vascular in breast cancer tissues. This study firstly detects the concentration of PF4, VEGF in serum and the level of the density of micro vascular by CD31(MVD-CD31) from organization, in order to find out the change rule of PF4, VEGF and MVD-CD31 in breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients. Then explore the relationship between them and other clinicopathological characteristics.Methods:1 the subject investigated: Select 60 cases of patients,who came to Breast Disease Center, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University for treatment from January to July in 2014, after core needle and pathologically confirmed breast invasive ductal carcinoma, both primary single side, had no received chemotherapy, radiotherapy, endocrine therapy and molecular targeted therapy, with no previous history of cancer patients. The Preoperative fasting vein blood 2ml of all subjects were obtained to centrifuge by 1000r/min for 3 minutes, stored the upper serum in-80 ℃. Select 30 cases of healthy women serum by the same method as control. Take tumor tissue out from the tissue samples within 30 minutes in vitro, fixed by the concentration of 10% neutral formalin, and embedded in paraffin to be detected. Select 30 cases of healthy women as control by the same way. The above sample was collected have been examined and approved by Hebei Medical University Fourth Hospital Ethical Committee.2 Detect the expression of PF4 and VEGF protein in the serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), read the OD value of each hole on wavelength 450 nm within 30 minutes by using the United States automatic enzyme mark tester to test the VERSAmax. According to the OD value of Log-logit dual logarithm drawing standard curve, using logit-log or four parameter data processing model(by SOFTmax PRO4.3LS software), the results of PF4, VEGF in the serum were automatically calculated by a computer.3 The sections of tissue using the method of immunohistochemical SP, hot fix by the antigen,added a resistance, 4℃ for the night; added secondary antibody and incubated at room temperature for 30 min, added tertiary antibody; then use DAB for coloration; stained and mounted.The interpretation of the ER and PR reference to the 2010 ASCO/CAP guidelines. The interpretation of HER-2 was referenced to the 2007 ASCO/CAP guidelines. The interpretation of MVD-CD31 MVD was according to the method reported by the Weidne.4 The statistical analysis: The analysis of data use the homogeneity of variance test by the SPSS11.5 statistical software was according with normal distribution, the measurement data are expressed by x + s, the comparison between the two groups were using t test, the comparison among the three groups were using analysis of variance, the comparison between each two were using the method of LSD. Person test was used in correlation analysis. The test level of α was 0.05.Result:1The concentration of serum PF4 in breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients were(0.354 ± 0.198)ng/ml, obviously higher than the control group which was( 0.225 + 0.436) ng/ml, the difference was statistically significant, P= 0.006. The concentration of serum VEGF in breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients were(15.458±15.819)pg/ml, significantly higher than the control group which were(7.727±8.307) pg/ml, the difference was statistically significant, P = 0.046.The value of MVD-CD31 in the Breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients were(16.58 + 9.528),significantly higher than that of control group which were(10.40±3.050), the difference was statistically significant, P=0.005.2 There was a significant correlation between serum PF4 and VEGF in breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients, it wss a positive correlation, r=0.693, P=0.000. The levels of serum PF4 and MVD-CD31 expression had no correlation, r=0.01, P=0.947. The levels of serum VEGF and MVD-CD31 expression had no correlation, r=-0.075, P=0.605.3 The expression of serum PF4 in tumor thrombus patients was lower than patients without vascular tumor thrombus, two groups had statistical difference, P=0.009. There were no correlation between the expression of serum PF4 and the menopausal status of patients, histological grade, presence of vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis or not, expression of ER, PR and diameter is less than or equal to 2cm tumors which was(12.080 + 7.455), the difference was statistically significant, P=0.000. With the increase of TNM stage, the expression of MVD-CD31 in tissues was also increased HER-2, P> 0.05.4 The expression of serum VEGF had no correlation with the menopausal status of patients, tumor size, TNM stage, histological grade, lymph node metastasis or not, with or without tumor thrombus, the expression of ER, PR, HER-2, P>0.05.5 The expression of MVD-CD31 in the tumor tissues which diameter was more than 2cm was(21.080 + 9.358), significantly higher than those the( 9.863±5.985, 15.304±8.646, 22.776±8.348). The difference was statistically significant, F=2.983,P=0.002.The expression of MVD-CD31 had no correlation with the menstrual status of patients, histological grade, with or without vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis or not, the expression of ER, PR, HER-2, P>0.05.Conclusion:1 The concentration of serum PF4、VEGF in breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients were obviously higher than that in control group.2 The positively correlated with expression of serum PF4 and VEGF in breast invasive ductal carcinoma patients.4 The expression of PF4 and VEGF had no correlation with MVD-CD31.5 The expression of MVD-CD31 can reflect the biological behavior of breast invasive ductal carcinoma.