Progress In Research On The Relationship Between Neuroinflammation And Parkinson’s Disease

The basic pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease(PD) for midbrain substantia ni- gra pars compacta can neurons are slowly, progressive degeneration and loss,residua- l neurons cytoplasm of a-synuclein aggregates, Lewy body exists widely and striatal dopamine level decreased, clinical manifestations of static tremor,bradykinesia,rigidi- ty and posture gait abnormal, some patients can be non motor symptoms associated with hyposmia, constipation, autonomic nerve dysfunction, sleep disorders and cogni- tive impairment, eventually leading to loss of self-care ability, seriously affect the pat- ient’s quality of life. Since 1817 James Parkinson first described this disease so far,et- iology and molecular mechanisms of neuronal death is still not clear nor satisfactory effective therapy method. May is the result of aging, genetic background,enviroment- al toxins, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and ubiquitin proteasome funct- ion abnormal interaction including, in nigral dopaminergic neuron degeneration and death, and oxidative stress, mitochondrial body function defects, protease function a- bnormal relationship more closely, also and immune response, apoptosis, excited am- ino acid toxicity, glial cell hyperplasia and inflammatory reaction a variety of compl- ex mechanisms, the present study suggests. In recent years, more and more studies have confirmed that the pathogenesis of immune and inflammatory responses in Pa- rkinson’s disease. Neuroinflammation mediated neurotoxicity is extremely important in the cascade process of neuronal death in Parkinson’s disease, inflammation occurs not only in the brain, peripheral inflammation also on PD progress and has a import- ant role, the characteristics of neuroinflammation is in the damaged neurons appeared in the vicinity of the activation of microglial cells and T lymphocyte infiltration.Mic- roglial cells through self promote circulation pathways in the maintenance of chronic inflammation, the cycle rely mainly on microglial cells in the respiratory burst, ther- eby regulating its downstream of many pro inflammatory cytokine activity, and pro- mote the progress of PD neurodegeneration. Acquired immune responses, especially T lymphocytes, as an important part of the inflammatory response, in the pathogenesis of PD has a important role. This article mainly of neuroinflammation in the pathoge- nesis of PD in three aspects: inflammation in the brain, brain inflammation and regu- lation of T cells are reviewed in this paper, the brief introduction of neuroinflamma- tion and Parkinson’s disease, for patients with Parkinson’s disease provide new pote- ntial therapeutic direction.