3D Navigation Simulation Software Design Of Vascular Intervention Based On Cardiopulmonary Medical

Cardiopulmonary vascular disease is one of the life treating diseases affecting millions of people in China. Improving the early diagnosis and intervention techniques will significantly reduce the risk of patients by improving the cure rate of disease and the quality of life through the the state of the art science and technologies.This masters project proposes a new method in order to solve the problems associated with the segmentation of the blood vessel from CT image sequences. The method proposed in this thesis uses the optimal threshold of region growing and mathematical morphology algorithm to obtain image information regarding the blood vessel under investigation. The innovation proposed here is that the optimal threshold value can be set to enhance and maximize the extraction of blood vessel information, and the morphology method can be used to further improve the image extraction model.According to the proposed segmentation and extraction model, a set of chest CT images are processed for heart stent surgery and pulmonary interventions. As the difference between various parts of heart vessels cause the different of the image’s gray value, in this project a novel subsection method through isosurface extraction to efficiently differentiate the regions. The results of isosurface extraction show that the surrounding parts of the vessels under investigation can be eliminated, and vascular model presents the tubular structure. The simulation results show that the method can efficiently and effectivly extract 3D vascular models from CT images, which can be used in medical simulations.Virtual endoscopy is the simulation of the endoscope’s virtualization, the body organ can be observed through Virtual Endoscopy by using the Virtual Reality techniques with a three-dimensional visualization making it possible to avoid the damage of splanchnoscopy.However, one of challenge problems with virtual endoscopy is accurate 3D positioning of endoscopy in the cavity of complex virtual anatomy. In this project a new method is alos proposed to simulate the intenventional medical procedural simulation based on the virtual endoscopy system developed in this project. The simulation of the intervention is realized by adding virtual markers of interventional catheter and the navigation of the medical devices is modelled through synchronous presenting in two models both in volume rendering and surface rendering. It can be shown that intravascular navigations andvirtual markers’ positions are accurately represented and visualisaed. Finally the simulation of the heart stents and pulmonary surgery simulations have also been studies,demonstrating that the method can implement various part of human body with the position of the virtual markers, at the same time visualizing the intravascular medical procedures.