Two Different Configurations Of Glycyrrhizin On Liver Injury In Mice Exposed To Cadimium

Objectives This study aimed to investigate intervention of different configurations’glycyrrhizin on liver damage caused by Cadmium in a cadmium poisoning mouse model,to explore different effects of18α18β of liver damage, and with a view to further clarifythe mechanism of liver toxicity of cadmium and to provide a scientific basis for effectivetreatment for cadmium poisoning.Methods The mice of clean grade,72, were randomly divided into six groups.Theblank group, model group (Cd alone), low dose group of18α glycyrrhizin, high dosegroup of18α glycyrrhizin, low dose group of18β glycyrrhizin, high dose group of18βglycyrrhizin. In addition to the control group the rest of the group were injected withcadmium chloride,2.5mg/kg, once a day,20days of continuous exposure, the blankgroup were injected0.9%saline. While the low-dose group was administered18αglycyrrhizin40mg/kg,18β glycyrrhizin30mg/kg, high-dose group was administered18αglycyrrhizin80mg/kg,18β glycyrrhizin60mg/kg, blank group and model group gavagedwith an equal volume of saline. Once a day for six weeks.Made experimental mice toquiet death by intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate, removal of the liver andmeasure:1Changes in body weight of mice.2Pathological indicators: drawn byconventional methods, stored the tissues in formalin, HE staining, observated the liverinjury with light microscopy.Fixed tissues with glutaraldehyde to prepare for theobservation using by electron microscopy.3Determination of apoptotic cells by flowcytometry, statistical and analysis the data, the results expressed as a percentage ofapoptotic cells.4Determination the cativity of AST and ALT of liver tissues, followingthe kit required.Data processing: using SPSS statistics V17.0statistical software for dataanalysis of variance and LSD test. Data are used (x±s) said. Among groups usingANOVA test, between two groups using independent sample LSD test.Results The ALT activity and AST activity of mice cadmium exposure aresignificantly higher than the control group, and higher than normal levels, whichindicates that the livers exposed by cadmium are damaged seriously. And18αglycyrrhizin are able to reduce the activities in mice liver. According to the date, it isclear that the administration of18α glycyrrhizin groups are stronger than18β glycyrrhizin group to reduce the activities of ALT and AST, and the high-dose groups arestronger than the low-dose groups.According to the pathological examinations: a largearea of disintegration and necrosis are observed in the mice cells of cadmium exposedgroup, while the treatment groups have varying degrees of improvement in the situation,which may related to the protective effect of glycyrrhizin to liver cell membrane. Themain way to protect is to keep mitochondrial membrane stabily and in alleviate lipidperoxidation of lysosomal membrane, another way is to induce oxygen free radical of theliver tissue to inhibit lipid peroxidation oxygen radical injury. According to the data,the apoptosis rate of cadmium exposure group is significantl higher than the other groupstatistically (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate in liver cells LSD tested on each of the twogroups (P<0.05) statistically significant. Dates show that, compared with the nomalgroup, cadmium exposure group’ cells shrink and chromosome aggregation, nuclearchromatin condensation, side shift, and gathered at the nuclear envelope, roughendoplasmic reticulum ribosomes decreased mitochondrial criste disappears, group of18α’s edge of nuclear membrane are more rounded, the degree of shrinkage of nucleolaris small, shape of mitochondrial is normal, distributing of endoplasmic reticulum is moreevenly, and the cell borders can be see clearly.18β glycyrrhizin administered groupindicate that nucleolus boundary delete slightly, ribosome are more chaotic, mitochondriais normal while a little of the ridge has disappeared, endoplasmic reticulum distributeshierarchically.Conclusions Two configurations of glycyrrhizin were exposed to cadmium can play arole in the intervention, and the role of18α glycyrrhizic is bigger than18β ofglycyrrhizin, the effects of high-dose groups are stronger than low-dose groups.