Expression And Roles Of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase1in Serum And Tissue Of Breast Cancer Patients

Background&ObjectiveBreast Cancer(BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women.It seriously threaten women’s health and life,which has become the major cause of death in women who died in cancers. The early diagnosis, therapy and real-time monitor of curative effect of breast cancer had became important means of improving the survival rate of patients. At present, major methods are histopathology examination and imageological examination, though high degree of accuracy, helplessness for screening and monitoring of curative effect and relapse. Detetion of serum tumor maker, for adventage of simple, non-invasion, and continuous, were considered the major pathway resolving questions mentioned above.Recent reports found, Aldehyde dehydrogenase1(ALDH1) is the cytosoy enzyme, by which acetaldehyde were oxadate Acetaldehyde was oxidized to acetic acid. ALDH1participate in gene expression and tissue differentiation by oxidate retinol to retinoic acid, meanwhile play the important role in growth and differentiation of normal and tumor stem cell, is currently one of the stem cell general markers with most application prospect. Recent study suggest that acetaldehyde dehydrogenasel may act as a kind of markers in breast cancer stem cell identification and is closely related with the occurrence of breast cancer, breast cancer gene subtype, metastasis of lymph node, chemotherapy drug resistance, the recurrence and prognosis, which has become the hot spot of research. However, there have no reports about if ALDH1is exist in serum, correlationship with breast tumor, and if reflect biological behavior of breast cancer.Our research investigate the meaning of ALDH1in diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer, by detection expression level of ALDH1in serum and tumor tissue of breast cancer patients.Materials and Methods130patients of mammary gland disease admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October2009to December2013were recruited and went through surgery treatment.101cases were confirmed of breast cancer and29cases were fibroadenoma of breast by postoperative pathological examination.70cases of healthy adult women were selected as controls at the same time. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was employed to detect the levels of ALDH1in patients’serum.At the same time, Tissue samples were obtained from68patients after surgery and went through conventional fix, paraffin embed, section and ALDH1immunohistochemical staining, to detect expression of ALDHl in tumor tissue.Results1. ELISA results showed that the level of ALDH1(50.00±12.19μmol/L) in serum of patients with breast cancer was significantly higher than patients with breast fibroadenoma (12.31±10.34μmol/L) and healthy controls (12.29±10.27μmol/L, P <0.05) and there was no significant difference between patients with breast fibroadenoma and healthy controls (P>0.05)2. The level of ALDH1in serum of patients with lymphatic metastasis was higher than patients without lymphatic metastasis (P<0.05).Different pathologic type has different ALDH1level in serum.The level of ALDH1in Her-2over-expressed type and Basal-like type was significantly higher than other three types (P<0.01) and there was no significant difference between Her-2over-expressed type and Basal-like type (P>0.05).The level of ALDH1in LuminalA type and Luminal B type was significantly higher than Normal basal like type (P<0.01) and there was no significant difference between Luminal A type and B type (P>0.05)3. There was no significant difference between patients older than50years old and patients younger than50years old (P>0.05).4. Immunohistochemistry results showed that the expression level of ALDH1has significant correlation between serum and tissue in breast cancer and the correlation coefficient was0.572(P<0.01)Conclusion1. The level of ALDH1in serum of patients with breast cancer was higher than patients with breast fibroadenoma and normal person, which indicate examination of ALDH1in serum may be one of the means of screening breast cancer.2. The level of ALDH1in serum of breast cancer patients were related to lymphatic metastasis and molecular pathologic type of breast cancer.3. The level of ALDH1in serum and tissue of breast cancer patients were accordant.4. The level of ALDH1in serum of breast cancer patients may as marker refecting the biological behavior of breast cancer.