Effect Of Simvastatin On Mineralization Of Developing Apical Complex (DAC) Cells Of Rat Molar Root

Objective:To study the effect of Simvastatin on mineralization of developing apical complex (DAC) cells of rat molar root, and to research its clinical application value.Material and Method:Firstly, choosing a21-days-old SD rat, its mandibular first molar teeth’s roots were isolated and cultured to obtain primary developing apical complex (DAC) cells of rat molar roots. Secondly, the DAC cells were continued subculture. Thirdly, the third passage DAC cells were cultured in the conditional mineralized fluid with different concentrations of Simvastatin (1×10-9,1×10-8,1×10-7,1×10-6mol/L) to detect the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in DAC cells’tissue and count the formed mineralized nodules. Lastly, the results were carried out relevant statistical analysis.Results:1. The identification of DAC cells:The cultured DAC cells in this experiment were normal morphology, including typical epithelial cells and mesenchymal-like cells, which showed heterogeneity, structural integrity, proper source, and can be used for subsequent experiments.2. The identification of Simvastatin on ALP activity of cells:On the mineralization induced conditions, Simvastatin could promote the ALP activity of DAC cells. Compared with the control group, the statistically significant differences were found at the concentration of1×10-9mol/L,1×10-8mol/L,1×10-7mol/L and1×10-6mol/L (P<0.01), of which the group of1×10-7mol/L was the most significant effect on the activity of enzymes.3. The identification of mineralized nodules:After culturing DAC cells10～11days in appropriate concentration of Simvastatin mineralized induced fluid, local cell nodules were formed. In the course of time nodules increased gradually, and showed white mineralized nodules in the center. Staining by the Alizarin red S, nodules were red, and the red nodules were significantly more than the control group. Compared with the control group, the statistically significant differences were found at the concentration of1×10-9mol/L,1×10-8mol/L,1×10-7mol/L and1×10-6mol/L (P<0.05), of which the group of1×10-7mol/L was the most significant impact on the count of mineralized nodules.Conclusion:Appropriate concentration of Simvastatin can facilitate the mineralization of developing apical complex (DAC) cells. This can provide a theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment of periodontal disease caused by various reasons.