| As a common clinical neurological injury disease, sciatic nerve injury often leads to muscular atrophy and degeneration, distal axonal degeneration. Chronic muscular atrophy and fibrosis are not only unfavorable for the recovery of muscle function, but also severely decreasing the treatment effect of recovering the muscle function. Therefore it is a major challenge for the reparative medicine to repair the nerve and prevent muscular atrophy after the injury. Although the current surgical technology is well developed with some approaches for early diagnosis,there still hasn’t been an ideal treatment method for the recovery of sciatic nerve and its performance after the injury. Some methods play an active role in the peripheral nerves, such as the application of autologous nerve graft, neurotrophic factor and so on. The data accumulated from the researches during the past few years shows that the stem cell transplantation has a sound influence on the repair of peripheral nerves. Considered as an effective method to treat the injury of peripheral nerve, stem cell transplantation can further prevent the nerve from injuring. It reveals that it can receive good clinical treatment effect to transplant these stem cells into the body of animal model with sciatic nerve injury, which can induce the reproduction of the nerves with synthesis of myelin sheath. It has been considered as plausible mechanism for stem cell transplantation in treatment, such as the cell replacement, growth of nutritional factors, extracellular matrix molecule synthesis, guidance, myelin regeneration, and stable and immune modulation of the micro-environment. Through for stem cell therapy, further studies are still needed to perfect its mechanism, and such kind of therapy will become common in the next few years, especially in the application of some neural stem cells. It is believed that the stem cell will be a potential representative for the stem cell treatment in treating the sciatic nerve injury.Therefore, influence of neural stem cell on the functional recovery of the rats with transection injury in the sciatic nerve. SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, namely normal saline group, NGF group and neural stem cell group. Models for rats with transection injury in the sciatic nerve had been established. Connect a conduit at the neural break-off position of the rats, inject stem cell for treatment. Measured related SFI indexes since the forth week after the surgery, the results showed that hind motor function of the rats recover gradually. The stem cell group and NGF group were much better than the normal saline control group, and the difference had statistical significance. Detect the conduction velocity of the sciatic nerve. It was found that at1w, it hadn’t been connected at the break-off position of the sciatic nerve. At4w, two fine fibers had been found to connect in the silicone tube and the conduction velocity had been detected. At8w, the connection of fibers was obvious with significant increase in the conduction velocity of4w. And the conduction velocity of NSCs group and NGF group was faster than NS group, with statistical significance. Within4weeks after the surgery, HE staining results showed that there was an obvious Schwann cell proliferation near the sciatic nerve injury, however, it was reduced in the NGF group and NSCs group compared to the NS group. Till the8week, the proliferation of Schwann cell continues in the NS group, while in NGF group, it was not obvious. Since NGF plays an important role in the growth and regeneration of the nerve, the expression in the sciatic nerve functional recovery detected was one of the indexes in the regeneration of nerve. NGF was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of Schwann cell. In the fourth week of the surgery, positive expression of NGF in the NSCs group and NGF group was higher than the NS group. In the eighth week, NGF expression in all the groups decreased remarkably. It had been testified that HGF was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of Schwann cell. In the fourth week of the surgery, positive expression of HGF in the NSCs group and NGF group was higher than the NS group. In the eighth week, HGF expression was obviously higher than that of the NGF group and NS group. The result showed that the bypass technique could induce the connection of the neural fibers and reduced the formation of scar tissue after the transection injury in the sciatic nerve. Brain-derived neural stem cell and NGF can promote the connection of fibers in the transection of sciatic nerve. The neural stem cell can promote the regeneration of the injured sciatic nerve and increase the NGF and HGF expression of the sciatic nerve. |
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