Study On Extraction Technology And Components Of Armillaria Oil And Their Ant-oxidative Function

In this paper, the ultrasonic and microwave as extraction technology to extractarmillaria oil [Armillaria mellea（Vahl ex Fr.）Quel].The physical indicators andchemical indicators of armillaria oil were detected. While antioxidative activefunction and components of two kinds extract of armillaria oil were analyzed.1. Microscopic identificationA large number of oil that mainly exist in the gills of A. mellea. There may be higher oil in armillaria fruiting, it is provided a basis for further development and use of armillaria oil extraction and separation.2. Optimization of extraction conditions(1) The ultrasonic extraction optimization：The solid and liquid ratio, the ultrasonictime, the ultrasonic temperature and the ultrasonic wave power of the extractionefficiency of oil from A. mellea were studied, the orthogonal test result of extractionof oil from A. mellea with ultrasonic showed that the solid and liquid ratio1:4,ultrasonic time30min, ultrasonic temperature40℃and ultrasonic wave power400W.(2) The microwave extraction optimization：The solid and liquid ratio, the microwavetime, the microwave temperature and the microwave wave power of the extractionefficiency of oil from Armillaria mellea were studied, the orthogonal test result ofextraction of oil from A. mellea with microwave showed that the solid and liquid ratio1∶5, microwave time4min, microwave temperature30℃and microwave wavepower600W.The oil rate of ultrasonic extraction is83.13%, the oil rate of microwaveextraction is82.87%,and the difference between them is not big. The time ofultrasonic extraction was30min and the time of microwave extraction was4min.Compared with soxhlet extraction, the ultrasonic extraction and microwave extractionhave many advantages: the extraction time is apparent shorten, the cost of extractionis reduce,simple operation, the extraction process is simple to operate and highextraction rate.3. Measurement and analysis of armillaria oil physical and chemical indicators, found the acid value and peroxide value of armillaria oil that extracted by microwave andsoxhlet is higher.The components of armillaria oil ultrasonic extraction is more thanmicrowave extraction and Soxhlet extraction, this may affect the acid value andperoxide value of armillaria oil, that make armillaria oil quality of ultrasonicextraction is better than the other two methods of extraction.The chemical constituent of Armillaria mellea oil soxhlet extraction analyzedwith GC-Ms, and its contents of which22compounds were isolated,10compoundswere identified. linolic acid61.49%,trans-palmitoleic acid11.34%,palmitic acid8.75%.The chemical constituent of Armillaria mellea oil ultrasonic extractionanalyzed with GC-Ms, and its contents of which32compounds were isolated,9compounds were identified. linolic acid73.96%,trans-palmitoleic acid7.79%,palmiticacid10.90%.The chemical constituent of Armillaria mellea oil microwave extractionanalyzed with GC-Ms, and its contents of which24compounds were isolated,10compounds were identified. linolic acid68.33%,trans-palmitoleic acid9.16%，palmitic acid14.83%.They common have linolic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid,trans-palmitoleic acid, lauric acid, pentadecanoic acid.Through the experimental results, the main component of armillaria oil is linoleicacid70%that higher than soybean oil (52.21%), peanut oil (39.67%), corn germ oil(31.66%)，sunflower seeds oil (61.80%) and olive oi（l0.07%）of linoleic acid content,Linoleic acid is the essential fatty acids that body’s own synthesis,it has importanthealth functions. Trans-palmitoleic acid is a unique component of Armillaria oil, canprevent type Ⅱ diabetes, and it also helps the blood cholesterol and triglyceridesremain in a reasonable level.4. Using different analytical methods antioxidant, analysis and evaluation of theantioxidant activity of armillaria oil that different extraction. The test results showedthat: Armillaria oil is capable to scavenge the DPPH-free radicals, hydroxyl radical,and superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity. The DPPH-free radicals, hydroxylradicals and superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity of armillaria oil ultrasonicextraction are better than microwave extraction. This may be due to the process ofultrasonic extraction only destroying the cell wall of armillaria. This may be due tothe process of ultrasonic extraction only destroying the wall of armillaria cell that thefat diffuse out of cells without affecting ingredients. The process of microwaveextraction that different components of armillaria oil have differentmicrowave-absorbing, different degrees of being heated, the armillaria oil composition changes, the free radical scavenging effect of it was affected. In brief,armillaria oil has excellent antioxidant activity, and provides an explanation for manyphysiological activities that armillaria oil have.