Studies On Chemical Constituents And Quality Control Of Andrographis Herba

Aim：To study chemical components, growth diversity and quality formation ofAndrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees when the Andrographis paniculata grew underdifferent shading degree and different conditions of light quality to achieve the followinggoals:(1) Separation and purification of chemical components and structure elucidation forthe quality control of Andrographis paniculata.(2) To investigate the shading effects ongrowth, yield, quality of Andrographis paniculata.(3) To investigate the effects of lightquality on growth, yield, quality of Andrographis paniculata.Methods:1.Studies on separation and purification of chemical components of Andrographispaniculata:Refluxed with85%ethanol, the compounds of aerial parts of Andrograph-is paniculata was separ-ated and purified through TLC, column chromatography, macroporous resin methods and according to the physical and chemical properties, spectral data, the structural of compounds were elucidated.2. Effects on growth and quality of Andrographis paniculata under different shadingdegrees: The experimental field of Andrographis paniculata was divided into16sectionsaveragely, each section was considered as a group, there were3shading treatment groupsand1control group in all, the experiment was repeated for four times. In the experimentalfield, simple greenhouses were covered with the shading net with light transmittance of50%,30%,10%for different shading degrees, the control group did not cover the shadingnetwork. Growth assessment was conducted through measuring their height, numbers of leaf and tiller and measuring the thickness of leaves and stomatal density of upperepidermis of the leaf of Andrographis paniculata under various treatments, the yield wasevaluated by the average of single plant’s fresh weight and dry weight; quality wasevaluated by the means of TLC and HPLC methods.3. Effects on growth and quality of Andrographis paniculata under different conditions oflight quality: The experimental field of Andrographis paniculata was divided into20sections averagely, each section was considered as a group, there were4differentconditions of light quality and1control group in all, the experiment was repeated for fourtimes. In the experimental field, simple greenhouses were covered with red membrane,white membrane, blue membrane and yellow membrane to obtain different conditions oflight quality, the control group did not cover the membrane. Growth assessment wasconducted through measuring their height, numbers of leaf,tiller and the thickness ofleaves and stomatal density of upper epidermis of the leaf of Andrographis paniculata undervarious treatments, The yield was evaluated by the average of single plant’s fresh weightand dry weight; Quality was evaluated by the means of TLC and HPLC methods.Results1. Result of separation and purification of chemical components of the aerial p-arts of Andrographis paniculata:eight chemical compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Andrographis paniculata and their structure were elucidated as: Andrographolide, Dehydroandrographolide, Neoandrographolide, stignasterol, Deoxyandrographolide,BisandrographolideA,Isoandrographolide,S-ucrose.2. Result of effects on growth and quality of Andrographis paniculata under differentshading levels: compared with the CK group, the plant height significantly increased by9.5%,15.40%,28.42%under the shading net of light transmittance of50%,30%,10%, thetiller number significantly decreased by22.95%,39.89%,50.27%, the thickness of the leafsignificantly decreased by14.6%,29.9%,32.0%, stomatal density of upper epidermis of theleaf significantly decreased by31.2%,42.7%,50%, yields significantly decreased by25.68%,53.31%,72.88%and the content of andrographolide significantly decreased by20.02%, 46.06%,48.19%.3. Result of effects on growth and quality of Andrographis paniculata under differentconditions of light quality: compared with the CK group, the plant height significantlyincreased by12.98%when Andrographis paniculata grew under the red membrane,numbers of the leaf and tiller declined slightly;, the leaf thickness increased by1.63%,stomatal density of upper epidermis of the leaf and the yield declined slightly, the contentsof andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide increased by1.32%,62.42%, respectivelythe total contents of andrographolide and dehydroandrographolide increased by11.06%; theplant height declined slightly by5.11%, numbers of the leaf and tiller significantlydecreased by12.8%,30.6%when Andrographis paniculata grew under the blue membrane,the leaf thickness decreased by2.23%, stomatal density of upper epidermis of the leafsignificantly decreased by23.40%, the yield significantly decreased by27.23%, thecontents of andrographolide significantly decreased by20.28%, dehydroandrographolidesignificantly increased by35.79%, the total contents of andrographolide anddehydroandrographolide decreased by12.02%; the plant height significantly decreased by27.84%, the tiller number significantly decreased by36.07%and number of the leafsignificantly decreased by20.5%when Andrographis paniculata grew under theyellow membrane, the leaf thickness decreased by11.14%, stomatal density of upperepidermis of the leaf significantly decreased by31.66%, the yield significantly decreasedby42.91%, the contents of andrographolide significantly decreased by45.97%,dehydroandrographolide significantly increased by8.38%, the total contents ofandrographolide and dehydroandrographolide decreased by37.96%; growth and qualitydeclined slightly when Andrographis paniculata grew under white membrane.Conclusion①Eight known chemical compounds were isolated from the aerial parts ofAndrographis paniculata in this experiment,including six diterpene lactone compounds, astignasterol and a sucrose.②Effects on growth, yield and quality of Andrographis paniculata under the shading net of light transmittance of50%,30%,10%were obvious. As the weakening of lightintensity, numbers of leaf and tiller increased slowly,but plant height increased quickly, thecontent of andrographolide significantly decreased.③It has different influence on thegrowth and the formation of quality when Andrographis paniculata grew under differentcolor membrane: effect on the growth of Andrographis paniculata was not obvious underthe red membrane, but effects on the accumulation of two main lactones were obvious, it isin favor of the accumulation of two main lactones when Andrographis paniculata grewunder the red membrane. Effect on the growth and formation of quality of Andrographispaniculata was obvious when Andrographis paniculata grew under the yellow membrane, itis not conducive to the growth and improve the accumulation of two main lactones ofAndrographis paniculata when Andrographis paniculata grew under the yellow membrane.