| This research undergone the analyzing study focused on different artificial reef construction materials. We analyzed the economically and ecologically efficiency among wooden, iron artificial reefs and five cement reefs constructed in different cement including Portland cement(P.C), slag Portland cement(P.S), pozzolana Portland cement(P.P), fly ash Portland cement(P.F) and aluminate cement(CA) for the purpose to provide the theoretical basis for the selection of artificial fish reef materials. We mainly analyzed the impact on water quality while releasing different material constructed artificial reefs into the sea. Monitored the growth status of organisms adhere to different artificial reefs. Put different material reefs into the plastic bucket which fulfilled with 200 kg marine water. We collected water sampling for 7 times in the period of 13 Sept to 21 Nov, after the assay undergoing. Monitoring analyzed the concentration change of salinity, p H, and salty nutrient including active phosphate, active silicate and inorganic nitrogen etc. Hangs Taiwan experiments, mainly analyzed different artificial reefs on biomass(P), Shannon Wiener diversity index(H ’) and the Pielou evenness index(J), dominant species abundance, dominance index(Y) and profusion(N). The main experimental results are as follows.1. Comparison ofvarious artificial reef materials dissolution(1) Temperature variation range is tiny from 0.3 to 0.8oC among different groups, in the period of 7 times measurement. Four times before measurement, the average temperature change was not significant(P > 0.05), after three measurement average temperature as the date delay. Blank group p H change trend is slow. from 9.28 days to 10.13 days, seven groups of salinity were significantly higher(P < 0.05), and high salinity, seven groups of salinity of 33.4 on average, standard deviation is 0.15.Measured 11.21, seven groups of salinity and appeared a downward trend. Only have a significant decline in wood group, 9.28 reached its lowest point, p H value of 7.9, then have a rising trend.Groups are rising, composite Portland cement(group P.C) PH increases fastest, the measured data of 8.38 for the last time.(2) The highest degree of silicate dissolution is group P.C, dissolubility quantity from high to low in turn follows Portland cement(P.F) > fly ash composite Portland cement(P.C) > pozzolana Portland cement(P.P) > block iron aluminate cement Artificial reef group(P.C) composite Portland cement, slag Portland cement artificial reefs group(p.), fly ash Portland cement group(P.F) silicate concentration changes of artificial reefs is most obvious, drop, and the trend line curve radian.(3) The highest average concentration belongs to inorganic the nitrogen of Wood group,and the third time tested the largest concentration of inorganic nitrogen,about 0.32mg/L. Composite Portland cement(P.C) group, pozzolana Portland cement(P.P), iron(Fe) 5 days later and blank group differences were not significant.(4) The sea silicate concentration of artificial reefs including CA,iron,wood brick,P.C,P.F has a significant impact with the drop after. Aluminate cement(CA) of artificial reefs, iron, wood of artificial reefs, composite Portland cement(P.C) of artificial reefs, fly ash Portland cement(P.F) of artificial reefs sea silicate concentration has significant influence but you have to reduce. 2. The biological test panel of various artificial reef materials(1) We hanged the artificial reef exposed to marine environment in Xuejia Island in August 2015. Then we collected water samples in September 2015 and March 2016.The methods of sampling and analyzing were carried out according to the code for the Marine investigation. Collect three sets of samples among different artificial reef materials. The size of the each sample is 10 cm by 10 cm. We took the samples with glass bottles putting in 5percent formalin solution and took back to the lab for analysis. When we collected water samples to analysis the effect of attaching organisms in November 2015, the biomass of fouling organism on different artificial reef materials from most to least was group P.P, P.S, CA, P.F, P.C, and the biomass was respectively 888.29 g/m~2, 755.43 g/m~2, 752.07 g/m~2, 620.11 g/m~2, 402.01 g/m~2. At the same time, the biological species of P.S was 7, and species of P.F, P.P, CA was 5 separately. The second time to sample in March 2016, biomass of group CA was still the largest which the biomass was 7827.75 g/m~2, followed by the group P.P, P.F, P.C, P.S which biomass from most to least was respectively 6405.76 g/m~2, 5812.25 g/m~2, 5018.53 g/m~2, 4289.71 g/m~2. Species from most to least was group P.F, CA, P.S, P.P, P.C, and species was respectively 17, 15, 12, 11, 8, 6 kinds. In the first sampling Shannon Wiener diversity index(′) of fouling organisms from more to less of the order was CA, P.P, P.F, P.C, P.S in November 2015. In the second sampling, the order from most to least was P.S, P.F, P.P, CA, P.C in March 2016. Pielou evenness index() from most to least was respectively CA, P.P, P.F, P.C, P.S in the first sampling. In the second sampling, Pielou evenness index from more to less was respectively P.S, P.F, P.P, CA, P.C in March 2016.(2) There are 50 Artificial reefs fouling organisms Identified, including 4 Chlorophyta,5 Rhodophyta,6 Phaeophyta,4 Coelenterata,12 Arthropoda,3 Bryozoa,4 Tunicate,9 Tunicate, and 3 Mollusca. It is attached to the most of biological species of fly ash Portland cement(P.F) of artificial reefs, a total of 39 species, ash Portland cement have 34 kinds of biofouling, other species in the second. Iron plate minimum number of biological species, there are 12 kinds of biofouling. |
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