Cumulative Effects Of Temperatures On Biological Characteristics And Internal Substance Of Two Colour Morphs Of Pea Aphid(acyrthosiphon Pisum Harris) Among Different Generations

1.The effect of temperature on development period of two colour morphs pea aphid in different generationsThe nymph stage of F0、F1 and F2 generations trend to short within 12~22℃ with temperature rise of two kinds of aphid, the growth development will be restrained under high temperature 28℃ of pea aphid, and the F1 generation of mortality is high and can’t complete development. When the nymph stage shorten over generations increasing gradually of the red aphid under 12℃, which showed the low temperature will not inhibit red pea aphid growth, F1 generation compared with F0 generation the nymph stage prolong 10.7% of green pea aphid under 12℃. Nymph stage of red aphid has no significant difference between the three generations under 22℃ and 25℃, nymph stage of green aphid little change between the three generations at 22℃, but in 25℃ the nymph stage of F1 and F2 generation significantly prolong compared with F0 generation, which showing the red aphid have a strong ability to adapt to the environment.2. The effect of temperature on fecundity and body weight of two colour morphs pea aphid in different generationsTwo colour morphs pea aphid of F0、F1 and F2 generations fertility firstly increased then decreased between 12℃ to 25℃ temperature, aphid fertility maximizing at 22℃, fertility of F0 generation 28℃was lowest. The red aphid average fertility of F2 generation was declined significantly compared with F0 and F1 under 12℃, and F1 and F2 generation of averag fertility was declined significantly compared with F0 under 25℃; While the green pea aphid average fertility of F1 generation is greater than the F0 and F2 generation under 25℃, at 12℃ average fertility firstly increased then decreased with temperature increasing. Two kinds of aphids F0、F1 and F2 generation weight is significantly higher than other processing temperature under 22℃, the body weight growth of F0 generation increased most rapidly in 28℃. At 22℃ red pea aphid F1 and F2 generation of daily relative growth rate is significantly higher than 12℃、17℃ and 25℃, green pea aphid F1 generation of daily relative growth rate show the regulation: 25℃ > 22℃ > 17℃ > 12℃. Under the same temperature and different generation red aphid of daily relative growth rate has the tendency to increase with the number of generations, at 22℃ and 25℃ it was no significant difference between the three generations. 12℃ and 25℃ under its continuous feeding type green pea aphid aphis weight impact is bigger, F1 and F2 generation of weight loss. Continuous feeding green pea aphid, the weight affected by the maxmmum under 12℃ and 25℃, and body weight of F1 and F2 generation decreased seriously.3. The effect of temperature on the population parameters of two colour morphs pea aphid in different generationsTwo colour morphs pea aphid of F0、F1 and F2 generations net reproductive rate(R0) firstly increased then decreased in 12~25℃ with temperature increasing, net reproductive rate(R0) of F0 generation in 28℃were the minimum and in 22℃ were maximum. Generation time(T) of F0 generation firstly shortened then extended within 12~25℃ with the temperature increasing,and(T) shortened dramatically under 28℃. F0 generation red aphid of the intrinsic rate of increase(rm) firstly increased then decreased in 12~28 ℃ with temperature increasing, at 22℃(rm) is significantly higher than other temperature, while the green aphid F0 generation of the intrinsic rate of increase(rm) in 12~28℃ increased with temperature rise; For two kinds of pea aphid, in 12 ~ 25℃(T) of F1 and F2 generation gradually shortened with the temperature increasing, and rm increased with temperature rise. The(rm) of red aphid F1, F2 generation were maximum in 22℃, but there no significant difference between 22℃ and 25℃. The(rm) of green aphid F1, F2 generations were maximum in 25℃. In five processing temperature, finite rate of increase(λ) and intrinsic rate of increase(rm) of two kinds of aphid F0、F1 and F2 generation has same regular.4. The effect of temperature on the matter content in the body of two colour morphs pea aphid in different generationsF0, F2 generations were measured under different temperature treatment pea aphid into various substances in aphid(carbohydrates、lipids、protein content), results showed that different temperature for two kinds of aphid matter content with the temperature of the trend of "low to high, low, and there are comparability rules between F0 and F2 generation of two color pea aphid. In a relatively high temperature(25℃ and 28℃),two colour morphs of pea aphid F0 and F2 generation of various matter content reduce in the body, every matter content in F0 and F2 generation were maximum at optimal temperature(22℃ or 17℃), At the same temperature, F0、F2 generation single pea aphid in each material content had no significant difference between the two color type. At low temperature(6℃) and optimum temperature(17℃ and 22℃) each material content had no significant difference, while material content was significantly higher than the same colour type of high temperature(25℃ and 28℃).