Study On Growth Dynamic, Yields And Quality For Glycyrrhia Uralensis Fisch In Different Growth Years

This paper studies the growth, yield and quality dynamic change of cultivated licorice in different years in semiarid regions of Middle of Gansu Province.1、The growth dynamic of aboveground parts of licorice in different growth years. The plant height, main stem diameter and aboveground biomass of licorice increased with the increase of growth years, and the period of rapid growth came earlier year by year. The period of rapid growth of triennial and quadrennial came a month earlier than biennial. The average plant height, average main stem diameter,average branches and average biomass of aboveground of biennial licorice separately increased by 290.85%, 105.60%, 557.58% and 1963.15% over annual; The average plant height, average main stem diameter,average branches and average biomass of aboveground of triennial licorice separately increased by 117.98%, 109.62%, 199.54% and341.32% over biennial; The average plant height, average main stem diameter, average branches and average biomass of aboveground of triennial licorice separately increased by 54.25%, 11.58%, 71.85% and49.25% over triennial;The growth rate of plant height, main stem diameter, branch numbers and biomass of licorice decreased year by year, biennial and triennial are the fastest-growing years.2、The growth dynamic of belowground parts of licorice in different growth years.With the increase of growth years, the main root diameter increased, but the growth rate of quadrennial was smaller. The average main root diameter of triennial and quadrennial separately increased by 82.55%and 25.66% over last year. The numbers of stoloniferous and lateral roots gradually increased. The average numbers of stoloniferous of annual, biennial, triennial and quadrennial were 0, 1.25, 3.14 and 6.62, the average numbers of lateral roots were 0, 1.5, 4.6 and 5.9.The biomass of root was slightly lower than the previous year from April to June, and rapidly increased with rapid accumulation of photosynthetic product from June to August. The second period of rapid growth occurred with the aboveground material transfer. The biomass of roots gradually increased year by year. The average biomass of roots of triennial and quadrennial was separately 94.17% and 94.92%higher than last year.3、Dynamic of licorice yields and quality in different growth years. Along with aboveground turning green, the biological yield and economic yield of licorice in same growth years began to accumulate from May to July, and rapidly increased from August to October. The biological yield and economic yield of triennial licorice was separately 101.30% and 168% higher than biennial. The biological yield and economic yield of quadrennial was separately53.13% and 42.13% higher than triennial. The harvest index and the root to shoot ratio increased first and then decreased with the increase of growth years, the order from high to low was triennial, quadrennial and biennial. The harvest index and the root to shoot ratio of triennial separately decreased by 28.72% and 147.86% over biennial. The harvest index and the root to shoot ratio of quadrennial separately decreased by 21.72% and 109.67% over triennial. The acid content increased with the increase of growth years. The average acid content of triennial was76.70% higher than biennial. The average acid content of quadrennial was 67.58% higher than triennial. The acid content increased first and then decreased in same year, and reached the maximum in August; the liquritin content significantly increased with the increase of growth years. The average liquritin content of triennial was 59.65% higher than biennial. The average liquritin content of quadrennial was 81.44% higher than triennial. The liquritin content of quadrennial enormously enhanced and can reach more than four times the standard value of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.The liquritin content increased first and then decreased in same year, and reached the maximum in August.4、The priority sequence of main factors influencing yield and quality of licorice. Correlation analysis showed that the primary factors affecting the yield was main root diameter, followed by the plant height and main stem diameter, and the effect degree of aboveground parts was gradually increasing year by year. And that the primary factors affecting the content of acid and liquritin were plant height and main stem diameter, followed by the main root diameter and single root weight, and the effect degree of aboveground parts was gradually decreasing year by year, instead, the effect degree of belowground parts was gradually increasing year by year. By path analysis, the licorice with higher height, thicker main root diameter and thinner main stem diameter was copious. The acid content of licorice which has shorter height, thicker main root diameter and main stem diameter and heavily single root weight was high. The liquritin content of licorice which has higher height, thinner main root diameter and main stem diameter, heavily single root weight was high.