| Precision seeding is the trend of the development of maize seed industry in our country,maize seeds vigor is decided to one of the key factors of precision seeding. The biggest risk to the essence of single precision seeding is the lack of field emergence rate, the field emergence rate is one of the important indicators directly related to production,but, there are a lot of factors might affect the seed emergence rate of field, when planting in north China, the biggest affect factor of spring sowing is low temperature, so, select the most indoor simulation environment close to the field while to identify different quality of precision seeding maize varieties, explore the identification method of different quality of precision seeding maize varieties, to provide theoretical basis for breeding of precision seeding maize varieties.This study used different major maize varieties as experimental material of Jilin province in2014-2015 by maize research institute of Jilin academy of agricultural sciences, during 2 years time, at three areas which in the west(Taonan), middle(Gongzhuling), east(Huadian) of Jilin province, according to the randomized block design of experiment, analysis of field emergence rate situation,while comprehensive compare analysis the germination force, germination rate and germination index of the corn seed under low temperature stress measurement,sifting and establish the germination index use to authenticate seed quality. Used the seed quality evaluate method of precision seed through this research established,evaluate the quality difference of seed by this research,to build the seed quality evaluate method of precision seed and evaluation indexes. Get the following main research results:1. Soil low temperature had a longer duration at spring season in Jilin province, low temperature in spring is one of the restricting factors of Jilin province when sowing. Under the condition of early sowing different maize varieties emergence rate is lower than optimum sowing, while that standard deviation and variable coefficient are all higher than optimum sowing, so, it is feasible that adopt the method to screen and evaluate the seed quality of precision seed. Using the seeding method and combining with clustering analysis, select 13 precision seeding maize varieties appropriate Jilin province area, including Deyu919, Jidan53,Heyu89, Demeiya3, Xianyu335, Jidan441, Nonghua101,Jidan56, Dika516, Jidan513, Pingan169,Liangyu188, Liangyu99, the average field emergence rate are over 89.5%, 89.5% germination rate can be as the field evaluation index for the identification of appropriate precision seeding maize varieties.2. In the germination period, to screening 3 levels low temperature include 2℃, 5℃, 8℃and 5 levels handing time include 7d, 8d, 9d, 10 d, 15 d, the results show that using after 8℃/9d at dark low temperature stress process, to 25℃ temperature sprout, it is a very significant positive correlation about average germination rate and emergence rate of seed, the correlation coefficient is 0.836, standard deviation and coefficient of variation were higher, they are 20.61 and 26.02%, and there is an extremely significant difference between varieties tested, it can distinguish the seeds quality differences of different maize varieties, through clustering analysis,in the first cluster of seed average germination rate 94% as the minimum standard, it can be used as the evaluate and select index of seed quality of precision seed, to establish the technology and index of appropriate precision seeding, will improve correctness and effectiveness of seed quality of appropriate precision seeding maize varieties in Jilin province. It can be used to breeding new varieties of precision seed, to improve the research of seed quality genetic matrix,to carry out a wider range of appropriate precision seeding breeding germplasm resources selection, to provide germplasm base of appropriate precision seeding breeding. |
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