| The phosphorus has an irreplaceable role in the plant growth metabolism, while, in soil only 0.1% of the total phosphate can be absorbed by the plant directly. In order to achieve high yield, plenty of inorganic phosphates are added in production. However, a large portion of phosphate fertilizer is fixed and becomes unavailable to plants, which results in the waste of phosphate rock and environmental pollution. Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can convert the insoluble phosphate into the phosphate which is directly absorbed by plants, and it has an important application value in agricultural production. This experiment studied the effect of bacteria strain on physiological traits of Jiyu 47, Jiyu 99 and Jiyu 406 under the condition of the pot by adding exogenous phosphate-solubilizing bacteria-wj1, wj3 and wj1+wj3 mixed bacterial liquid into the soil. Meanwhile, under different soil condition, the effects of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on physiological traits and microecosystem of soil rhizosphere of Jiyu 406 in different growth periods were also studied.The effect of wj3 on the mass growth of three kinds of soybean was significant, and strain wj3 also promoted the growth of root nodules. Adding PSB had the significant role in the growth of Jiyu 406 in full-blooming stage. Strain wj1 and wj3 increased the photosynthetic rate on three varieties of soybean, and wj1+wj3 significantly increased the water use efficiency.Apart from the total phosphorus content in leaves of Jiyu 406 affected by wj3 and wj1+wj3,others in the roots, stems and leaves were significantly higher than CK.Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(PSB) exhibited a significant growth-promoting effect on the growth of soybean. Adding PSB in black soil could significantly increase the plant height,root dry weight and photosynthetic rate of Jiyu 406. Strain wj1 and wj1+wj3 increased the dry weight of plant of Jiyu 406 in the four stages. In mixed soil(black soil mixed saline-alkali soil with the ratio of 3:1), adding PSB significantly increased the biomass and photosynthetic rate of Jiyu 406 from R2 to R8. Adding PSB significantly reduced the production of plant osmotic substances in mixed soil. It showed that the addition of PSB effectively reduced the injury of salinity to the plant. In addition, adding phosphate-dissolving bacteria also increased the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus, the output also increased in different soil.The addition of PSB into the black soil had significant effect on amount of microorganism at the early growth stage of soybean. Strain wj1 could promote the increase of the quantity of PSB and nitrogen fixing bacteria of black soil. However, strain wj3 and mixed bacteria has great effect on the number of ammonifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria in the whole growth period.The activity of phosphatase, urease, invertase and protease by adding mixed bacteria into black soil were significantly increased at R2 and R6 of soybean. Strain wj1 could affect the phosphatase activity of black soil. Adding PSB can significantly increase the number of microorganisms of mixed saline alkali soil, and improve soil phosphatase, urease and invertase activities. The change of microbial community diversity was obvious between bacteria treatment and the control. The shannon index and microbial community richness of black soil and mixed soil increased by adding the PSB, and the ability of microbial metabolism of mixed saline alkali soil was also enhanced from V3 to R6. The results showed that adding PSB could improve the microbial quantity and the metabolic function of black soil, but had a significant effect on the mixed saline alkali soil. |
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