Effect Of NPK Fertilizers Application On Production Characteristics Of Carrot, Potato And Celery In Xining Outskirts

Except CO2 and H2 O, it is very important for vegetable growth to assimilate nutriens from the surrounding soil. To understand the production characters of different vegetable crops and the effectiveness of various fertilizers and rational fertilization will have a larger effect on the vegetables production. To explore the effects of nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P), and potassium(K)on the vegetable crops, we choose carrot, potato and celery which planted at the suburbs of Xining in 2015, as the objects of fertilization. We explored the optimum ratio and fertilizer application scheme of NPK in Xining, which will provide experimental basis for carrot, potato and celery’s planting and cultivating. The main results are as follows:(1) the N, P, K fertilizers applying had significent effects on biological characters of carrot, potato and celery. When the application of NPK was rational, the three vegetables had a relatively stable phonological phase and good biological characters, whereas the NPK application was unreasonable or lack, which had some negative impacts on their phonological phase, at the late growth stage, the carrot showed some symptoms, such as slow growth, thin stalk, low resistance, decline in advance, and wizened fructification and so on. The similar symptoms exhibited in potato growth characteristics, such as slow development, short plant, poor resistance, and wizened tuber, etc. The celery exhibited short petiole, short plant, leaf blade yellowing, and area decrease, etc. Thus, the rational application of NPK will play a positive effect on the vegetables production, whereas the NPK is lack or excess,which will reduce the vegetables production and fertilizer utilization ratio, and increase environmental contamination. Our study demonstrated that, the reasonable fertilization ratio of NPK in Xining, is 10.2kg N/mu+4.25 kg P/mu+12.37 kg K/mu for carrot, 21.53 kg N/mu-22.16 kg N/mu+28.08 kg P/mu- 28.477 kg P/mu+16.51 kg K/mu- 16.65 kg K/mu for potato, and 6.3kg N/mu+116.67 kg P/mu+ 2.3kg K/mu for celery, respectively. The optimal output of carrot, potato and celery were 2502kg/mu, 10249.3kg/mu and 2427.2kg/mu-2364.2kg/mu, respectively. The optimal NPK fertilization ratio would be in the practice and provide some guides in vegetables production for farmers.