Nutrient Uptake Characteristics And Preliminary Exploration Of Genetic Transformation System Of Antirrhinum Majus L.

Antirrhinum (Antirrhinum majus L.) belongs to the Scrophulariaceae and is a popular annual bedding ornamental plant using in the disposal parterres、flower border and cut flowers.They has many varieties, the peculiar flower type,the color are rich and beautiful、the short lifecycle and to cultivate management easily. Antirrhinum majus has become the important model plant of molecular biology and genetics, especially the flower organ development, flower pigment and the transpomson. At present, Antirrhinum majus has been achieved a series of achievements in the breeding, tissue culture, the preservation of cut flower.However, as expanding the application scope and updating the new varieties, recent progess in nutrient management of Antirrhinum majus is less reports. As a model plant, the molecular research of Antirrhinum majus mainly focuses on the study of flower organ model, the research of genetic transformation is not deep analysis. In this study, thought compared growth characteristics, biomass accumulation and C, N, P, K translocation among Antirrhinum majus at different developmental stages, which provide a reference for the production and cultivation; by using the plant tissue culture technique to establish the high efficient regeneration syste. On this basis, thought screening the optimum transformation conditions of Antirrhinum majus hypocotyl by using the method of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The test results are as follows:(1)Antirrhinum majus L. was compared accumulation and distribution characteristics for nutritient element.The dry matter accumulation amount was decreased in the whole growth stages, the dry matter accumulation quantity of individual plant change range was 0.2 to 3.39g, the fastest accumulated period was the flowering and fruiting. The dry matter accumulation different organs amount from large to small was leaf>stem> flower> root> capsule; Cumulative rates of each stage from large to small was the full-bloom stage> late flowering stage> fruiting srage> early flowering stage> bud stage> flower bud differentiation stage>seedling stage. The resultes showed C, K accumulation were gradually increased with developmetal stage; the dynamic changes of N, P accumulation showed undulate curve. The absorption amount of C, N, P, K were 113.30～2127.27 g/kg,86.73～118.81 g/kg,13.45～28.10 g/kg,62.97～104.76 g/kg, with the order C>K>N>P in these research. The mineral nutrients were main distribution in the stems and leaves during the seedling stage and early flowering stage, when the growth central changed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth.C, K content were slightly declined, these mineral nutrients translated into flower and capsules. The maximum uptake stage generally occurred at bud and flower bud differentiation stage. C, P accumulation rate were 26.41%,33.26% at bud stage; N accumulation rate were 27.32% at flower bud differentiation stage, K accumulation rate were 26% at full-bloom stage, the above study suggested that bud stage were important stage for nutrients management.(2) Antirrhinum majus L. seeds were used as experimental material. Thought exploring the best time of seeds disinfection, the most suitable hypocotyls and cotoylrdons, and the effects of different hormone combination on the differentiation capability of stem segments, leaf blades and plant rooting medium.The results showed that:the optinal sterilization time for Antirrhinum majus L. seeds was 6 min. The optimum medium for adventitious bud induction from hypocotyls was MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.2 mg·L-1, with which the differentiation rate and the budding index were 96.67% and 2.61 respectively. As the cotyledon differentiation ability was inferior to the hypocotyls, the optinum medium for cotylrdons was MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1, while the differentiation rate was only 0.08%, The optimum medium for stems was MS+ZT 1.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.01 mg·L-1 with the differentiation rate and the budding index 93.33%,5.1. The optimum medium for adventitious bud induction from leaves was MS+6-BA 7.0mg·L-1+NAA 0.2mg·L-1, with which the differentiation rate and the budding index were 12.22%,1.61. The most suitable rooting medium was 1/2MS added in NAA 0.05 mg·L-1.The plants grow well after transplanted and the survive rate reach 100%.(3)The genetic transformation system of Antirrhinum majus L. has been established preliminary.The results showed that:The most suitable concentration of Hyg for hypocotyls differentiation and plant rooting was 4 mg·L-1 and 2 mg·L-1. The most suitable concentration of Cef for inhibiting the growth of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is 400 mg·L-1. The Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation program of Antirrhinum majus:The hypocotyls were pre-cultured 2 days.Then the activated Agrobacterium tumefaciens (OD6000.5～0.6) were centrifuged, suspension diluted with volume of water, infection time 5 min, co-culture 40 hours, After bacteria elimination, inoculated to selection medium of MS+6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1+NAA 0.2 mg·L-1+Hyg 4 mg·L-1+Cef 400 mg·L-1. After differentiating adventitious buds, and then transferred the shoots to 1/2MS+NAA0.05 mg·L-1 Hyg 2 mg·L-1 for rooting selectin.