Effect Of Fertilization On Nutrient Absorption, Yield And Quality Of Oilseeds Of Oil Sunflower In Light Salty Soils

Because of the complex climate and terrain conditions, we have a large-scale saline. Oil sunflower as a pioneer crop in saline, do an important role in improve saline condition and people’s living standard. A field experiment was conducted with oil sunflower named S606 to study the growth, dry matter accumulation, fluorescence parameter and N, P, K absorption, yield, and quality of seeds in different fertilizer treatments on the light salinized soil of Ling Wu farm in Ningxia. The following are the conclusions:(1)The variation trend of plant height and stalk width conformed to the logistics, and it performed a significant difference in each treatment, such as N2P2K2 treatment showed a higher height. The plant height approximately trends to be stable 65 days after emergence (flowering stage) and the stalk approximately trends to be stable 50 days after emergence (later squaring stage). The contribution of N, P, K and bio-organic fertilizers for plant height was N>P>K>bio-organic fertilizers, then the contribution for stalk width was bio-organic>N>K>P fertilizers.(2)The variation trend of dry matter accumulation met the logistics curve. N and P fertilizers accelerated the accumulation of dry matter, while K fertilizer did little in it. N fertilizer played a positive role in the transport of dry matter accumulation from plant to seeds, while P fertilizer played a negative role in it.(3)N2P2K2 treatment and Bio treatment had a significant difference between other treatments in F0 and Fm, which indicated that N, P, K combination did an acceleration in chlorophyll form and the improvement of the photosynthetic efficiency at flowering stage. The Fv/Fm of N0P0K0treatment and N0P2K2 treatment had a significant difference between other treatments in postulation stage. It had no significant difference on fluorescence parameter at mature stage, which related to the photosynthesis declined and photosynthetic capacity reduced.(4)Generally, application of N fertilizer made a significantly contribution to Total N accumulation (TNA), N dry matter production efficiency (NDMPE), absorption of N when forming every 100-kg seeds, however application of N fertilizer significantly reduced N harvest index (NHI), and N recovery efficiency (NRE), it showed similar conclusion in the application of P, K fertilizers. It had a higher assimilation of N, P2O5, K2O with 3.75,1.18,15.20g/plant in N2P2K2 treatment. It needed to absorb the rates of N, P2O5 and K2O for 4.18,1.48 and 25.34kg when forming every 100kg seeds of sunflower. There were 36.17% nutrient forming at flowering stage, and filling stage also had a higher ratio(23.44%).(5)All of the N, P K fertilizers made contributions to yield, and N, P, K combination (N2P2K2 treatment) was better than that of two. It showed that dry weight of leaves per plant and plant height had a positive effect on yield. The yield of N2P2K2 treatment increased by 23.19%compared to the control.(6)Application of N, P2O5, K2O fertilizers can improve the quality of oil-seeds. Analytically, N fertilizer promoted the contents of the crude protein, crude fat, palmitic acid and oleic acid in seeds, while it can lower the contents of stearic acid and linoleic acid in seeds. P fertilizer promoted the contents of oleic acid, however it can lower the contents of crude protein, palmitic acid, stearic acid and linoleic acid in seeds. K fertilizer promoted the contents of crude protein, stearic acid and linoleic acid in seeds, whereas it can lower the contents of crude fat, palmitic acid and oleic acid in seeds.