Application Of Eco-substrates In Carp Ponds Intensive Mode

Through the combination of water purification and repair technology with the new acquculture technology to get high yield, green environmental protection, economic development is the future direction of the development of pond farming. Hence, the aim of this study is to explore the efficient combination of use eco-substrates and 80:20 pattern at the same time, and provide scientific reference for getting pond water purification and restoration,increasing aquaculture production and building environmentally friendly pond production model.To compare the effects of eco-substrates in different use ways and in condition of increasing oxygen, three groups of experiments were designed to investigate the effect of eco-substrates on water quality, plankton, microbial flora and other ecological base.The result of experiment 1:Used non-woven gauze Eco-substrates Laterally, the production of treatment was 6.9%higher and the feed conversion ratio was 15.7% decrease compared to the control pond.The treatment pond transparency is significantly higher than control pond, but dissolved oxygen,ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, total phosphorus content had no significant difference compared with control.The sediment of the treatment is 3.2% higher than the control,Phytoplankton biomass of treatment is greater than the control.The result of PCR- DGGE show that:the treatment pond has unique band compare with the control;the number of bacteria bands which can identify of the same pond water at different times are different;at the same breed month,the number of bacteria band can identify in the treatment pond are more than the control group,the DGGE profiles similarity index of the same pond water bacterial communities showed a downward trend with the time increase, the treatment group reduced from 57.3% to 55.3% and the control group reduced from 40.1% to30.5%.With the breeding time increases, the number of bands can be identified for sediment bacterial have a increasing trend,the similarity coefficients of the treatment group and the control group were decreased,and at the same time the similarity coefficients is about 50% of both group.The sequencing results showed that the bacteria in pond water and sediment is belong to Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Thermus and Cyanobacteria.and they are respectively belong to α- Proteobacteria, β- Proteobacteria, γ-Proteobacteria, Δ-Proteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Sphingobacteria, Caldilineae, Anaerolinea,Clostridia, Bacilli, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Deinococci and Cyanophyceae. The Number is 5, 11, 6, 2, 4, 4, 2, 6, 2, 3, 2, 4, 2, 1 respectively. The bacteria of Proteobacteria is the most important population in pond water and sediment, Bacteroides, Firmicutes,Actinobacteria are important part of the water and sediment microbial population.The result of experiment 2 :Recycle and reuse non-woven gauze Eco-substrates of experiment 1longitudinally, we found that the water quality parameters were not significant in both group(P>0.05), The sediment deposit of treatment group was significantly higher than control, it’s improve86.79%(P <0.05). the fish yield of treatment group was 2.7% higher than the control group,the treatment group FCR was 7.0% lower than control, and economic benefits increased by3.2%.The result of experiment 3 :After using Eco-substrates of fiber and micropore oxygen aeration, the production of carp was higher(1264.55kg) than the control(1108.85 kg). Similarly, the production of silver carp(296.4kg) increased 48.3% in comparison with the control group(199.9 kg). The survival rates of carps were 77.87% and 83.85%, of silver carp were 86.27% and 97.00%, in the control and treatment groups, respectively, suggesting a higher survival rate after treatment.Ammonia nitrogen(0.79 mg/L) and sulfide(0.0175mg/L) showed significantly lower values in the treatment than those(1.71, 0.0625mg/L) in the control group. Nitrite content in the treated pond was higher than that in the control pond. There were no significantly differences of the p H, temperature, nitrate nitrogen and dissolved oxygen were observed between these two groups. The sediment exhibited significantly decreased level in the treatment. Both experimental groups increased the bottom mud of the ponds, but the control group showed higher value(3.67cm) than the treatment(0.94cm). The phytoplankton content presented an increased trend during the experiment, whereas significantly higher level was observed in the treated pond compared with control pond.Conclusion:Using Eco-substrates in the freshwater aquaculture ponds can1. purify the water quality of pond aquaculture water in situ remediation.2. enrich plankton, provide additional feed resources, improve the yield and efficiency of aquaculture.3. change and stabilize the composition of bacteria in the culture environment, and enrich the microbial diversity of the pond, maintaining the stability of the pond.