The Research On Alfalfa Planting Saline-Alkali Areas Of Yellow River Beach Soil Characteristics And Forage Quality

Rational exploitation and utilization of saline alkali land is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of agriculture in China. In recent years, it has gradually become an important measure to improve saline alkali soil biological improvement. This study regard the Yellow River beach saline soil as the main body, by studying the improvement effects of different planting years Alfalfa on the Yellow River beach saline soil and comparing the nutrition value of different alfalfa varieties and Dongmu 70 rye on saline alkali soil, we will provide the theoretic basis for the improvement of the Yellow River beach of saline soil. The0-300 cm soil of the first year, second year and sixth year Alfalfa was collected from May to September in 2015, and Dongmu70 rye- Silage Maize Rotation and wheat-soybean rotation for planting was regard as control. Soil water content, pH, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium was determined. Different alfalfa varieties(Suntory, Victoria, Juneng 551, Juneng 601) and Dongmu70 rye were sampled at the same time. After the sample was dried and crushed, the crude protein(CP), crude fat(EE), crude fiber(CF), Ash and other nutrients were determined. The results show that:1. The main effect analysis showed that the soil water content of the six years Alfalfa was 14.48% lower than that of the Dongmu70-maize rotation, and 6.92% lower than that of wheat-soybean rotation. The pH of continuous cropping six years alfalfa soil was significantly lower than that of(P < 0.05) the first year alfalfa, second year alfalfa, Dongmu70-corn and wheat-soybean rotation. During the six years of continuous cropping, the soil moisture content of alfalfa was seriously consumed, and increasing with the soil depth, showing the trend of the soil moisture content first increased and then decreased, also the continuous cropping alfalfa six years can significantly reduce the pH. With the increasing of soil depth The electrical conductivity of sixth years alfalfa first increased and then decreased. In the six year alfalfa, the electrical conductivity of the surface layer(0-40cm) was significantly decreased, and the conductivity was increased in the 50-160 cm soil layer.2. Six years of continuous cropping alfalfa could significantly increase the total nitrogen,With the increasing of soil depth, total nitrogen content was gradually decreased, total nitrogen of 0-10 cm was the highest(0.77 g/kg). According to the main effect analysis, the total phosphorus(0.41 g/kg) of sixth years was significantly lower than(P < 0.05) in wheat soybean rotation field(0.46 g/kg) and the first year alfalfa(0.49 g/kg). Total potassium(8.43g/kg) of sixth years alfalfa was significantly lower than(P < 0.05) second years(16.36g/kg) and wheat-soybean rotation(9.56 g/kg).3. During the saline alkali land alfalfa growing season, the soil water content, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium of the first alfalfa field were significantly decreased in the later stage of(September). The soil pH, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen and total potassium of the six year alfalfa were significantly increased in the late stage of Alfalfa(September), and the total phosphorus decreased.4. The CP of Suntory first and second cutting was significantly higher than that(P< 0.05)the third cutting, and the second cutting of acid detergent fiber was significantly lower than that of(P< 0.05) the third cutting. The CP of Vitoria first cutting(13.89%) was significantly lower than that of(P< 0.05) second and third cutting, while the CF was higher than third cutting. There were no significant differences between the CP and Ash of Juneng601 and Juneng551. Through the analysis of the variety main effect, the CP of Vitoria was significantly higher than that of(P< 0.05) the Juneng alfalfa. The CP and Ash content of Dongmu70 rye was significantly lower than that(P< 0.05) of the other four alfalfa, while the crude fiber was significantly higher(P< 0.05) than that of the other four alfalfa.In summary, Alfalfa significantly reduced the water content of deep soil, and the surface layer(0-10cm) conductivity and pH were significantly reduced, the conductivity of soil is changed from "surface accumulation" to "sedimentary type". At the same time, the continuous cropping six years alfalfa can increase the total nitrogen, while the phosphorus and potassium is greatly consumed. Among four alfalfa varieties in Yellow River saline land, the quality of Vitoria was the best, and the third cutting of Vitoria was the best cutting time.