| Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim,which belong to rutaceae, Zanthoxyhum. Native to China, now is widely distributed around the world. Incomplete statistics, there are great germplasm resources that 250 species around all over the world and 45 species 13 varieties in China. Due to the diversity of the ecological environment and geographical differences in the process of wild evolution or introduction to each other. While, many varieties formed by gene mutation, varieties of degradation and confusion of name, which lead to mixed provenance, new synonym and great influenced breeding works in Zanthoxylumbungeanum Maxim.Based on this research of germplasm genetic diversity theory, combining with the biological characteristics, associated statistical analysis, such as correlation, principal component and clustering analysis was adopted to study 11 main quantitative traits of 12 varieties in order to objectively reveal the differences between different varieties and diversity, provide data for basic research which include kinship(amongdifferent regions and different varieties), variety identification and classification and so on; in addition, use high quality germplasm collected from everywhere for tissue culture and lay the foundation for further study in tissue culture, steady transfer in quality germplasm and germplasm resources protection. The results showed that:1. The variation analysis result shows that: There are great difference and genetic variation indexes among traits, but not as good as production which coefficient is up to 67.21%.It explains that there are great potentia among germplasm innovation and breed improvement.2. The major quantitative character analysis results that in correlation analysis, there are so many reach highly significant positive and significant positive correlations between quantitative traits, Among them, the production and the crown was significantly positively, which explain the size of the crown has a direct impact on production. The principal component analysis indicated that the cumulative contribution rate of the first 4 principal component reached 86.561% and involved in 11 traits data, which the first principal component reach 44.452%. 12 varieties were classified into 3 classes by clustering analysis when the euclidean distance approached to 10. The first class I have seven varieties, class II and III respectively have three and two varieties. Based on analysis of 11 main quantitative traits of 12 varieties to provide certain scientific basis for germplasm innovation and new variety breeding.3. The tender leaves of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maximnamed “Fengxiandahongpao”were used as explants, which to study the effect of different factors on callus induction andgrowth of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. The results shows that MS was the best medium. The tender leavesweresuitable for high callus induction was 0.5mg/L6-BA+0.5mg/L2,4-D, and the induction of callus wasvigorous, loose and no browning phenomenon. Furthermore, normal callus can be still obtained even redifferentiation when treated 2h and 4h in 0℃.Based on the results above for solving the problem which regeneration ability weakly, loss of fast have the great reference significance. |
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