Design And Experiment Of Rotary Ditching Machine For Straw Deep Returning

Maize are planted widely in the world, especially in the north of China, maize is the main food crop, and the production of maize straw about 3 tons every year, but the utilization rate of maize straw is low, most of the straw are discarded or burned.This not only results in a waste of energy but also exacerbates the environment pollution. In addition, the soil condition is decreased year by year in northeast of China. In order to increase the utilization of straw, improve the soil condition in the northeast of China and reduce the environmental pollution caused by straw burning. In this paper, combined with the project of demonstration and promotion of regulating water and fertilizer in different seasons of maize mechanization in Liaoning province, which is the key project of Liaoning province agricultural integrated development in 2014. Based on the practice of the mechanized straw deep returning technology in the area of Lingyuan City, Fumeng County, Jianping County, Kazuo County and so on, a type of straw deep returning rotary ditching machine, which can be applied to the straw deep buried in the northeast of China, is studied. The key parts of straw deep returning rotary ditching machine is designed and the theoretical of the key parts is analyzed, the straw deep returning ditching machine is developed and the prototype performance test is carried out. The optimal structure parameters of straw deep returning rotary ditching machine are determined, and it can be provided a reference for the mechanized straw deep returning in northeast of China.Based on the review of relevant literature at home and abroad, by using the method of combining theory with experiment, the main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) The key parts and overall structure of the straw deep returning rotary ditching machine are designed, according to the requirements of the straw deep returning agricultural in northeast of China. The throwing soil is from the right. The operation mode is reverse ditching. Reasonable layout of the ditching blade in the rotary shaft is designed, power consumption calculation of the ditching shaft is analyzed. And the working principle of the prototype and the structure of the whole machine are analyzed.(2) The key components dynamics of straw deep returning rotary ditching machine is analyzed, and the dynamic equation is established. Analysis of the movement track of straw deep returning rotary ditching machine and normal working conditions of rotary tillage are analyzed. The different of down-cut and up-cut ditching is compared, and the ditch bottom roughness of down-cut and up-cut ditching are studied. It is provided a theoretical basis for the rotary type selection of the straw deep returning rotary ditching machine.(3) The finite element analysis and simulation of the key parts of straw deep returning rotary ditching machine is carried out. The 3D models of the key components of straw deep returning rotary ditching machine, such as ditching blade, ditching shaft and so on, is established based on UG software, At the same time, the structural strength analysis and modal analysis of the key parts are analyzed. The dynamic simulation of ditching shaft is analyzed based on ADAMS dynamic simulation software, the rotation acceleration change process of ditching blade shaft is analyzed, and optimized the blade arrangement in the ditching shaft.(4) The field experiment of the prototype was carried out, based on the integral structure design, key parts dynamic analysis and the prototype development. The performance index of ditching width, ditching depth, soil breaking rate of straw deep returning rotary ditching machine are measured and calculated. The rotary speed, forward speed, soil guide plate angle as experiment factors, and distance of soil throwing as test index, orthogonal experiment was carried out. Through orthogonal experiment to determine the optimal parameter combination, and optimize the structure parameters of the prototype. Finally, the test verification is carried out and draw a conclusion. When throwing soil average distance is 86cm, the rotary speed is 1 m-s-1, machine forward speed is 330rpm and guide plate soil angle is 60 degrees.