The Study Of Plant Landscape In The Beijing Partial Commodity Residential Areas

Green residential area is the most closely related to people, commodity residential area, as the largest number of residential area, the plant selection, the Pros and cons of community landscape construction and the stability of community structure diversity level of which not only directly affects the quality of residents’ life, but also affects the stability of urban green space’s ecology system and urban characteristic.On the basis of reading a large number of literature and Investigation, the paper selected 25 commodity residential areas of 5 real estate companies in Beijing, then investigated the greening tree species of them, and studied xylophyta communities’arrangement and plant diversity in each type of green areas. Finally, by using the BIB-LCJ method to evaluate plant community landscape of each green area, the study obtained the configuration mode and spatial processing technique which was popular with people. The main research conclusions were as follows:The application of greening tree species:First, there was 133 kinds of plants in 25 commodity residential areas, including 73 kinds of arbor trees,53 kinds of shrubs,5 kinds of vines and 2 kinds of bamboos; 17 kinds of evergreen trees,50 kinds of the local trees, including 6 kinds of biotype, namely evergreen needle-leaved tree species, evergreen broad-leaved tree species、deciduous broad-leaf tree species、vine、bamboo and palm trees. Second, the average species ratio of arbor to shrub was 3:2, quantity ratio of which was 1:3; The average species ratio of evergreen to deciduous trees was 1:5, quantity ratio of which was 1:4; The average species ratio of native trees and exotic trees was 1: 1,quantity ratio of which was 3:2; The average species ratio and quantity ratio of native shrubs were both 1:1. Third, the application frequency of trees which took 35.3 percent is more than a half, real estate companies noticed the labor,especially the local trees、the color leaf tree species and he autumn leaf tree species’application. While the selection range of tree species was small, the similarity was high, the planting proportion of vines and herbs was few, the species of evergreen trees was simple.Forth, the application of greening tree species in 5 real estate companies had no significant difference, the application of Sophora japonica、Ginkgo biloba、Sabina chinensis、Prunus Cerasifera ’Atropurpurea’、Euonymus japonicus and Syringa oblata are universal.The community arrangement of 25 commodity residential areas showed the following characteristics: First, the central value of arbor’s to shrub’s species ratio was 1:1, quantity ratio’s is 1:4.2, the arrangement of arbor’s to shrub’s ratio was unreasonable. Second, the central value of evergreen to deciduous trees’ species ratio was 1:4.3, quantity ratio was 1:7.7, the arrangement of evergreen to deciduous trees’ species ratio was unreasonable. Third, the planting density of labor was 13-17 plants in 100 Square meters, shrubs’was 38-48 plants in 100 Square meters; the common biotype was 3 kinds, The common level of the community richness was 3. Forth, there is obvious dominant species in plant community, and in 4 types of green area, species richness index and diversity index of the arbor layer were higher than the shrub layer’s, while dominance index was lower than the shrub layer’s. Fifth, the company’s plant community structure and diversity level in 5 real estate companies had no significant difference, which partly reflects the company’s plant landscape was lack of uniqueness.Plant community diversity level in each type of green areas was shown as follows:First, there were dominant trees in every green area, and their advantages in central green area is more apparent. Second, on the application of quantity and species of arbor trees and shrubs, the former were more than the latter in four types of green space samples; In addition to the green area between buildings, shrubs’ quantity were higher than arbor trees’ in the other three types of green areas; Third, the ratio of evergreen to deciduous trees in community of the green area next to housing district and the road green area was far less than the central green areas’and the green area between buildings’. Forth, the planting density、biotype abundance and layer abundance of he green area between buildings was higher than other three types of green areas. Fifth, the species richness index and diversity index of the arbor layer were higher than the shrub layer’sin 4 types of green area; in the four types of green areas, the community diversity index of the green area between buildings was higher, following was the central green area and the green area next to housing districts’,the road green area’s was lowest.Plants design and the construction method of artistic space which were popular have two ways: First, w+hen the green area is small, adopting the multilayer plantation structure, arbor trees made up the overwhelming majority. Community level should be well-proportioned and colorful, the space had the density contrast, the lower layer should be clear, shrubs should not be too much; Second, with the larger green area, arbor trees and shrubs were marginalized planted, hedgerow open lawn and a small flowering shrubs with hedgerow surround; Or large areas of hedgerow with a tall single tree, building the open view of understorylayers with regular planting, or building a pure lawn in center.