The Molecular Evolution Of The Population Of Min Pig Based On MC1R、SLA、D-loop And SSR Markers

Min pig is an excellent local pig breed in the endangered status, and is also one of the important candidate pig breed to promote the localization strategy of pig breeding. Because of the history of the artificial cultivation of Min pig is still unclear,this is very adverse for the development of resources conservation and selection of Min pig in later stage. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive survey of the formation of the main characters of Min pig by DNA molecular marker technology, and to reveal the molecular evolution mechanism and evolution history.In this study, three groups of Min pig, other Chinese local pig breeds and European pig breeds are treated as subjects, MC1 R, SLA-DQB, D-loop are regarded as the candidate genes, which are corresponding to coat color, disease resistance, maternal origin traits of Min pig, and the microsatellite scanning was performed in order to explore the origin and differentiation of pig from the local and whole. And on the whole, the results showed that the MC1 R genotype of Min pig three groups mainly originated from Shandong Laiwu black pigs, the genotype in Chinese black pig breeds are more common, the gene locus in European white pigs are frameshift mutation,resulted in the loss of a transmembrane region; the immune related allele of SLA-DQB showed the haplotype in European pig breeds is single, while in Asian pig breeds rich,the small Min pig is close to most of the Asian pig breeds, while the large and the medium Min pig belongs to the subsequent differentiation; the maternal origin analysis showed that three groups of Min pig may be multiple maternal origin, the small Min pig are likely to be the descendants of Laiwu black pigs and its blood with other Chinese local pig breeds is very close. It is speculated that it formed earlier than the large and the medium Min pig; the a microsatellite scan display the small Min pig,Mashen pig, Bamei pig, and so on, first differentiated out from the Central Plains region, the small Min pig evolved the medium Min pig in the northeast region, andlater formed the large Min pig.In summary, this study was to explore the origin and evolution of the Min pig from four aspects: the coat color trait, disease-resistant, maternal inheritance and microsatellite. It revealed the general differentiation process of three populations of Min pig in Northeast China, providing theoretical basis for the late development and application of the Min pig resources.