Molecular And Cytogenetics Identification Of Wheat-Thinopyrum Intermedium Introgression Lines E3 Groups

Thinopyrum intermedium is the tertiary gene pool for wheat possing a wealth of good genes, having the excellent features of salt, cold and drought tolerance, resistance to rust and powdery mildew. It can hybrid with wheat, and becomes an precious germplasm for improving agronomic traits in wheat breeding. Many domestic and international breeding experts have transferred the superior genes of Th. intermedium to wheat by using distant hybridization and chromosome engineering. A series of wheat-Th.intermedium translocation, substitution and addition lines were developed, which may improve the yield and resistance of wheat.The goal of the study is to screen and identify 9 group of the wheat-Th.intermedium introgression lines with the methods of morphology, biochemistry and molecular cytology. A total of the 48 cross progenies materials have been identified.Among them, 19 materials have the Thinopyrum specific glutenin bands, 8 materials have the Thinopyrum characteristic gliadin bands and 7 materials contain both the specific glutenin and gliadin bands. By using the 109 pairs of 1St chromosome specific primers to identify them, 33 pairs are able to amplify the specific band. Finally,Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) shows that 17 lines have a Thinopyrum specific FISH signal. The concrete results are as follows:1. Lines of E3-593 group(including 20141010, 20141058, 20141059, 20141060,20141009 and 20150593(3)) are wheat-Th. intermedium 1St introgression lines, which lost wheat chromosome 1D, and introduced the long arms of chromosome 1St.2. Lines of E3-79 group(including 20141037, 20141038, 20150599 and20150599(2)) are wheat-Th. intermedium 1St(1D) substitution lines.3. Lines of E3-446 group(including 20141061 and 20141062) are wheat-Th.intermedium 1DS/1StL translocation lines.4. Lines of E3-256 group(including 20141046, 20141047, 20150601, 20150601(2)and 20150603) have transferred alien chromosome 1St, but they could not propagate stably, which needs further study.5. Lines of E3-591 group(including 20141007, 20141006, 20141004, 20141003 and 20141002) retains complete chromosome 1D, but there are no alien chromosome fragment import which will be identified in future.The grain characters of 48 materials were observed. The results show that the grain length and thousand seed weight of the materials with 1St were induced. It indicates that alien genes may affect the grain traits which located on 1DL appearing positive effect to weight and shape of grain.We concluded that the methods of SDS-PAGE, A-PAGE and FISH were effective to distinguish the constitution of alien chromosome. With the help of molecular marker,we can identify the materials with the alien chromosome bands at DNA level.Combined with morphological investigation, new genes in wheat-Th. intermedium germplasm can be located and investigated properly for wheat breeding.