Effect Of Alternate Irrigation And Nitrogen Application Partial Root Zone Of Maize

Severe waste of agricultural water and ground water pollution problems in our country has hindered the sustainable economic development, water and fertilizer are two main factors and important technical measures can be regulated in agricultural production. The purpose of this paper is to search the most economical supply of water and fertilizer and irrigation nitrogen application methodsfor maize to make good quality and high output, higher water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency as well as to improve the situation of environment pollution. In this study, with the spring maize of “funong588” as experimental crop, set three irrigation level(300m3/hm2, 450m3/hm2, 600m3/hm2 as low level, middle level, high level) and three nitrogen level(100kg/ha,200kg/ha,300kg/ha as low level, middle level, high level) under alternate partial root zone irrigation and nitrogen as well as three irrigation and nitrogen application methods(every furrow irrigation and nitrogen application supply, every furrow irrigation and alternate nitrogen application supply, alternate irrigation and every furrow nitrogen application supply) under Medium water and nitrogen application levels. Yield, plant nitrogen content distribution, water and NO3-N contents in the soil of 0-140 cm was measured in maturity stage to study the effects of different water and nitrogen levels and different water and nitrogen methods on yield, water use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen balance and NO3-N contents in soil for maize, Through research, the following conclusions was obtained:1. Effect of partial toot zone irrigation and nitrogen on yield, water use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency for maize. Effect of different water and nitrogen levels on yield and water use efficiency for maize under alternate partial toot zone irrigation and nitrogen. Irrigation has greater influence on yield and water use efficiency for maize than nitrogen.The W45N200 treatment has the highest yield reaching 12803 kg/hm2.The average yield in high water treatments respectively is 1.01 times, 1.4 times of middle water treatments, low water treatments, there was no significant increase in high water treatment over middle water treatments, but irrigation increased 33.3% resulting in waste of water resources. As well, the average water use efficiency of middle water treatments is 5.17kg/hm3, respectively 1.12 times, 1.36 times of high water treatments and low water treatments. The average water use efficiency has no significant differences with three nitrogen application levels.2. Effect of different water and nitrogen application methods on yield and water use efficiency for maize under middle irrigation and nitrogen application levels. It is obvious applying irrigation and nitrogen application methods on yield effect, but the interaction effect. Alternate furrow irrigation increased 27.2%more yield of maize than every furrow irrigation under the same irrigation level.3. Alternate furrow nitrogen application increased 14.7%more yield of maize than every furrow nitrogen application under the same nitrogen level.Yield reached a maximum value with the alternate furrow irrigation and nitrogen application treatment. Irrigation has significant influence on water use efficiency of maize, but the nitrogen has not. The W45N200 treatment has the highest water use efficiency reaching 5.6 kg/m3.Water use efficiency first increases and then decreases with the level of irrigation and nitrogen increases.4. Effect of partial toot zone irrigation and nitrogen on nitrogen uptake and utilization of maize。Nitrogen accumulation in various organs increases with the level of irrigation and nitrogen increases.The rate of increase reduces when the irrigation level is more than 450m3/hm2 and the nitrogen level is more than 200kg/ha. Excessive irrigation and nitrogen can reduce nitrogen use efficiency. Plant nitrogen use efficiency of high water treatments and middle water treatments significant higher than low water treatments, respectively increases 10% and 9%.W45N200 treatment increases 11.44% than W30N200 treatment under middle nitrogen application level.5.Irrigation and nitrogen application methods have significant influence on nitrogen uptake and utilization of maize under middle irrigation and nitrogen application level. Every furrow nitrogen application significantly increases nitrogen use efficiency than alternate furrow nitrogen application. Nitrogen use efficiency is between 65.87% and 80.75% under different treatments, the average nitrogen use efficiency is 73.42%. Nitrogen use efficiency of CICN treatment and AICN treatment are higher than CIAN treatment and AIAN treatment.6. Effect of partial toot zone irrigation and nitrogen on NO3-N contents and distribution in soil.NO3-Ncontents in the soil layer of 0-140 cm first reduce second increase then reduce with soil depth increases under different treatments.Nitrate accumulation in south of plants is higher than the north in soil.The order of NO3-N contents in soil layer of 0-60 cm under different treatments is CIAN>AICN>CICN>AIAN. The order of NO3-N contents in soil layer of 60-140 cm under different treatments is AICN > CIAN > AIAN > CICN. NO3-Ncontents in the soil layer of 60-80 cm reach maximum values with AIAN treatment and CICN treatment in the south of plants. NO3-Ncontents in the soil layer of 80-100 cm reach maximum values with AICN treatment and CIAN treatment in the south of plants. NO3-Ncontents in the soil layer of 40-60 cm reach minimum values under different treatments.