Study On The Application Of Grape Breeding Using Embryo Rescue

The variety breeding of seedless grape is the main direction of grape breeding. Seedless grape varieties was used as female parent and Chinese wild grapes with cold resistance ability was used as male parent in this study to obtain grape progeny. Based on field grown hybrid of9 grape varieties cross combinations after certain time, retrieve the grape fruit were isolated in dark ovule culture for 8 weeks, and the embryo was breeded in the embryo germination culture medium and some strong grape embryo were trans plated in the spring at the breeding greenhouse. The method of analyzing the early assisted selection identification in three kinds of genetic markers of hybrid parent and filial generation was used to study the effects on fruit set percentage caused by different parental genotype. The results of the study as following:1. Nine hybrids combinations were made by using European seedless grape as the female parent and Chinese wild grapes as the male parent. 3617 hybrid ovules were selected from field breeding and finally 32 embryos saving hybrid lines were produced and 394 seedlings.The embryo rescue seedling rate was 1.33%.2. Different results were made from different varieties of seedless female parent. The seedling rate was relatively high for the combination of ‘Flame Seedless’ 、‘Aishenmeigui’ and‘Centennial Seedless’ as female parent and it had a high embryos germination rate with using‘Delight’ and ‘Sultanina Rose’ as the female parent. The key role in hybrid breeding was the female parent and the male also affected in some extent.3. Different combinations of the parental rate in embryo rescue resulted different fruit breeding performances. ‘Delight’ × ‘Taishan-2’ and ‘Perlette’ × ‘Tangwei’two combinations had a very high rate of breeding, respectively, 42.6% and 41.0%. ‘Flame Seedless’ בBeichun’and ‘Flame Seedless’ ’× ‘Jupiter Seedless’ had a relatively low rate, respectively9.7% and 9.8%.4. 32 embryos were transplanted in the greenhouse, 321 individual plants survived among the 394 transplanting seedlings, and the survival rate of greenhouse seedlings was81.1%. The survival amount for the breeding types was 30 and the survival rate was 93.7%.5. Three Genetic markers GLSP1, SCF27, SCC8 were used to detect to the hybrid parents and progeny. 569 bp specific band with GLSP1 parents testing was detected in the‘beauty Seedless’ and’ Flame Seedless’ and this result also worked for the detection of the subgeneration of the ’light’ and ’Taishan-2’.11 seedless strains were found when using GLSP1 to detect the 32 embryos. 32 embryos was detected by SCF27 save sub plant lines can be initially identified seedless lines 18, 32 embryos was detected by SCC8 save sub plant lines can be initially identified seedless lines 21.32 lines of the three markers are amplified specific bands have four, between two and three markup are amplified specific bands of 18.17 strains were labeled with SCF27 and SCC8, and no nuclear trait was detected. Based on the detection results of 32 markers in three hybrid progeny lines, 28 lines were identified by seedless marker.