Effect Of Seed Treatment Of Zinc And Iron Fertilizer On The Growth And Photosynthetic Characteristics Of Maize

Most of arid and semi-arid soil in northwestern China is calcarious soil, in which available Fe, Zn content are generally insufficiency and difficult to meet the normal growth and development and limits photosynthesis of maize. This experiment was conducted with three seed soaking concentrations and three seed dressing concentrations of every trace fertilizers(ZnSO4?7H2O, FeSO4?7H2O, EDTAFeNa), water seed soaking and nothing seed dressing as control, random block design. The agronomic traits and photosynthetic characteristics of different growth stages and yield index of maize were studied in different seed treatment of different trace element fertilizers. The results showed that:1. Seed treatment of zinc and iron fertilizer increased plant height, stem diameter and reduced ear height trends. 6 g/kg of seed dressing significantly reduced the plant height, stem diameter and ear height, which is conducive to lodging. Ear height 0.075% seed soaking with iron inorganic fertilizer increased ear height significantly, but stem diameter and ear height not significant. Plant height, stem diameter and ear height with chelated iron fertilize seed treatment were not significant.2. Seed soaking with zinc and iron fertilizers promoted seed germination and growth in seedling stage, helped to form strong seedling. 0.20% seed soaking with zinc fertilizer, 0.075% seed soaking with inorganic iron fertilizer, 0.03% seed soaking with chelate iron fertilizer, which were better treatments in each fertilizer experiment, increased maize dry matter accumulation in the whole growth stage. Appropriate concentration trace fertilizer of seed dressing promote maize dry matter accumulation significantly from jointing stage, 4 g/kg seed dressing of zinc fertilizer increased maize dry matter accumulation obviously in the whole growth stage. 6 g/kg seed dressing of zinc fertilizer severely hinder the growing of maize. The dry matter accumulation of 3.5 g/kg seed dressing of inorganic iron fertilizer and 3.5 g/kg seed dressing of chelate iron fertilizer were higher than that of control in growth period.3. Seed treatment with appropriate concentration zinc fertilizer significantly improved leaf area per plant in vegetative growth stage, which could effectively prolong the time of green leaf area, increase crop photosynthetic potential, 0.20% seed soaking and 4 g/kg seed dressing of zinc fertilizer were obviously better than that of other treatments; 0.075% and 3.5 g/kg of inorganic iron fertilizer were significantly higher than that of control in growth period. Seed treatment with appropriate concentration chelate iron fertilizer significantly improved leaf area in vegetative growth stage, prolong the time of green leaf area; 0.03% of chelate iron fertilizer increased significantly leaf area per plant than that of control in filling and maturity stage, 3.5 g/kg seed dressing was significantly higher than the control in the growth period, increased by 4.2% ~ 6.3%.4. 0.10%、0.20% seed soaking, 4 g/kg seed dressing of zinc fertilizer 0.075% and seed soaking and 3.5 g/kg seed dressing of inorganic iron fertilizer significantly improved SPAD value in vegetative growth stage, which could effectively delay leaf senescence. Seed treatments with chelate iron fertilizer have no obvious effect on SPAD value.5. Seed treatment with appropriate concentration zinc and iron fertilizer could improve the net photosynthetic rate of maize. The net photosynthetic rate of 0.20% seed soaking with zinc fertilizer was at a high level in jointing and milking stage, significantly with control, 4 g/kg seed dressing significantly in tasseling. 0.075% seed soaking and 3.5 g/kg seed dressing improved effectively Pn. Seed treatment of chelate iron fertilizer significantly increased Pn, in which of 0.01%、0.03% seed soaking and 3.5 g/kg seed dressing significantly improved Pn, seed treatments promoted Pn in other period, but not significant.6. Effect of seed treatment with zinc and iron fertilizer on maize yield and yield components performances were: spike of different trace fertilizer was not significant, kernel number and 100-grain weight increased significantly, that resulted yield increasing. 0.10% and 0.20% seed soaking with zinc fertilizer significantly increased the yield by significantly increasing grain number and effectively improving100-grain weight. 2 g/kg and 4 g/kg seed dressing significantly increased the yield than that of control, 4 g/kg treatment significantly increased kernel number, 2 g/kg treatment significantly increased 100-grain weigh. Seed soaking with inorganic iron fertilizer significantly increased 100-grain weight, 0.075% seed soaking and 3.5 g/kg seed dressing significantly increased the yield by significantly increasing grain number and 100-grain weight. Seed treatment with chelate iron fertilizer significantly increased 100-grain weight, seed soaking increase the yield, but not significant, 3.5 g/kg seed dressing significantly increased the yield by effectively increasing grain number and 100-grain weight.