Effects Of Phosphorus Reduction On Corn And Cabbage Growth, Nutrition Uptake, Utilization And Nutrition Leaching In The Embankment Upland

In this study, a field experiment was used to study the effect of reducing fertilization on different forms of phosphorus in upland runoff loss, leakage losses, fertilizer utilization and crop growth, yield and quality With calcium superphosphate and calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer used as fertilizer.The main findings are as follows:1. Compared with no P fertilizer (T1), the total phosphorus runoff loss of all treatments has increased in a certain extent. The comparison between the two constants of calcium magnesium phosphate (T2) and constant superphosphate (T3) showed that the phosphate loss risk of calcium magnesium is relatively large, while applying superphosphate can reduce 13.69% loss of total phosphorus. Compared with the constant application of superphosphate (T3),10%-30% reduction of phosphate fertilizer treatments (T4, T5, T6) of total phosphorus runoff losses were reduced by 4.18%,10.31% and 24.30%, statistics show that after phosphate reduction of 30%, the amount of total phosphorus loss has decreased significantly.2. Compared with the constant superphosphate treatment(T3), the loss of soluble phosphorus and particulate volume has increased with the apply of calcium magnesium phosphate, it is 11.31% and 17.70% respectively, the treatments with 10%-30% reduction of phosphate fertilizer, in addition to a 10% reduction of phosphorus soluble phosphorus treatment increased slightly 2.13%, its soluble phosphorus and particulate phosphorus were reduced with different extents, the particulate phosphorus loss of T4 decreased 6.21%, soluble phosphorus loss of T5, T6,decreased 19.61% and 22.45% respectively, particulate phosphorus loss decreased 6.35% and 24.73%. Statistical results showed that the loss of soluble phosphorus and particulate phosphorus of 30% phosphorus reduction treatmenthas reached the significant levels.3 The main form of runoff soluble phosphorus loss of upland was dissolved organic phosphorus, which accounted for 87.11%-91.05% of soluble total phosphorus. Compared with no phosphorus treatment (T1), after applying fertilizer, either inorganic or organic phosphorus soluble phosphorus, which is the loss of volume increases. Compared with the constant superphosphate treatment (T3), dissolved inorganic phosphorus loss constants reduced 0.008kg/hm2, but dissolved organic phosphorus loss has increased by 0.034kg/hm2, therefore, application of calcium magnesium phosphate soluble phosphorus loss risk is still higher than the calcium superphosphate.Compared with the constant superphosphate, dissolved inorganic phosphorus reduction of 10%-30% of the three processing (T4, T5, T6) of phosphorus loss decreased by 14.96%,19.11% and 22.16%, respectively, decreased dissolved organic phosphorus 0.16%, 21.60% and 24.34%, and with the amount of fertilizer applied to reduce its leaching of soluble inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus and declining, indicating that within a certain range to reduce soluble phosphorus fertilizer on farmland to reduce the risk of phosphorus loss.4 Applying superphosphate had a relatively high total phosphorus and soluble phosphorus leaching. In addition, compared with the constant superphosphate(T3), total phosphorus and soluble phosphorus fertilizer leakage reduced 10% -30% and with the reduction in the amount of phosphorus fertilizer the leaching amount continue to decrease, which leakage was reduced by 18.38% of total phosphorus,22.06% and 31.62%, leakage of soluble phosphorus leaching decreased by 32.81%,40.63% and 46.88%.5 Reduction phosphorus fertilizer will affect the yield and quality of corn and cabbage grown in a certain extent.Compared with no P fertilizer (T3), the photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of them has improved, the yield with superphosphate reduce phosphorus 10%(T4) showed most significant effect.Which reached 4.3% and 5.8%respectively.but there is no significant difference with other treaments.while its photosynthetic characteristics, quality also showed advantage. With the increase in the reduction of fertilizer, the yield rate and the quality characteristics of corn and cabbage has decreased.As for constant fertilization, the yield is higher than calcium magnesium phosphate.6 Compared with the constant superphosphate treatment (T3), constant calcium magnesium phosphate treatment (T2) and a reduction of 30% of the corn phosphate fertilizer utilization decreased significantly, respectively 4.28 and 2.45 percentage points; 10% phosphorus reduction treatment (T4) increased corn fertilizer utilization rate 4.10 percentage points,20 percent phosphorus reduction treatment (T5) decreased 0.01 percentage points. Compared with the constant fertilization (T3), constant calcium magnesium phosphate treatment (T2) cabbage fertilizer utilization decreased, while other reductions fertilization treatments significantly improved fertilizer use efficiency of cabbage, which increased by 6.97%-17.2%. However, the difference betweenT4and T6 treatment was not significant.