The Investigation And Preliminary Identification Of Diseases Of Golf Course In Beijing Area

The requirement for quality of golf course turf area was high. The occurrence of turf disease will not only seriously decrease the use value and ornamental value of the course, but also bring huge economic losses to owner of the course. Blind application of chemical reagents will cause pollution to the environment, even endanger human health, which the consequences are often criticized by the media, of which becoming one of the main reasons for restricting the development of golf. The purposes of this paper were to further clarify the main diseases, the distribution of the main types of diseases and pathogens, in golf course turf around Beijing area, and develop the effective preventing and controlling management to diseases. The investigation of disease occurrence and distribution was conducted on 6 golf courses in and around Beijing in July and August,2015 when summer diseases were in peak incidence. Total of 87 samples of diseases were collected in the investigation. After being isolated and purfied in PDA culture,, the pathogens were identified by morphological observation and rDNA ITS detection. Total of 7 turfgrass diseases and 10 pathogens, of which 7 were pathogenic fungi, were identified in this paper. The detailed results as follows:1. Investigation and distribution of common turf diseases in Beijing areaDisease symptoms along with pathogen identification.7 turfgrass diseases were determind in golf course in and around Beijing, which are. Curvularia leaf spot, Fusarium Disease. Brown Patch, Pythium Disease, Summer Patch, Rusts, Dollar Spot, respectively. Among the 7 disease, Summer Patch is the most widely distributed one. Maximum types of disease was in Beijing ShunFeng Golf Club, where 6 diseases of dollar spot, summer patch, pythium, brown patch, Curvularia leaf spot and rust were found. Only 2 diseases of summer patch and brown patch were found in Beijing Niklaus Golf Club.2. Pathogens identification for turf diseases in Beijing area10 fungi were identified from 87 collections by conventional microscopic observation combined with separated culture microscopic observation and rDNA analysis.,They are Curvularia limata, Fusarium Graminearum, Rhizoctonia zeae, Pythium sp., Magnaporthe poae, Puccinia sp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Myrothecium verrucaria, Acremonium sp., Poitrasia circinans. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Magnaporthe poae were identified to the species by morphological observation. Curvularia lunata, Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia zeae, Myrothecium verrucaria, Poitrasia circinans were identified to species by molecularmethod.3. It was the first time that Myrothecium verrucaria, Acremonium sp. and Poitrasia circinans were isolated in turfgrass. Although they all ever caused diseases in other plants, further research needed to determine their pathogenic features in turf.