Effect Of Straw Returning And Tillage Managements On Growth And Yield Formation Of Maize

The test selected Zhengdan958 as test materials, through setting the straw returning (straw to field the full amount, without straw), tillage systems (rotary tillage, ploughing) and way of straw returning (rows of returning and interlaced rows returning), to study the effect of straw returning and tillage management on root distribution, maize growth and yield formation. The research results show that:1. The plant roots are mainly concentrated in the vertical direction 0-20 cm soil layer, the horizontal distance between plants within the range of 0-10 cm. After straw returning, maize roots decreased, rotary tillage with straw returning benefits to the root growth to deep soil layers, vertical direction 30-50 cm soil layer of root surface area increased significantly; ploughing without straw returning promoted the root extend deeper soil layer, so that its distribution in the soil more evenly and improve roots on soil nutrients and moisture absorption capacity, interlaced ploughing treatment increased root length in horizontal direction.2. Straw returning promote the plant height and stem diameter increased, leaf area index decreased, at late growth stage of maize leaf area index decreased rapidly, and the chlorophyll contents are reduce, Under different tillage treatment, S1T1M1 plant height and leaf area is the largest? returning rotary tillage of plant dry matter accumulation than returning ploughing increased by 4.87% and 4.87%; When no straw returning ridge processing of the dry matter weight per plant increased at the late growth in ploughing tillage, and the accumulation rate dropped slowly, leaf area index and chlorophyll content were higher than interlaced processing.3. Straw returning the time of maximal filling rate of grains advanced, in rotary tillage with straw returning treatment, growth quantity in the maximal filling rate of grains and the maximal filling rate of grains increased, the active growth stage of grains was prolonged, and later rotary tillage with straw returning rate decreased slowly, in favor of maize kernel of continuous accumulation and transport, so as to promote the yield formation. No straw returned to field, tillage treatment the grain weight is increased, maximum grain filling rate was significantly higher than that of rotary tillage treatment.4. Rotary and ploughing trekking, interlaced treatments with straw returning than no returning is increased by 0.94%,1.62% and 0.46%,0.14%, while corn grain protein content decreased 11.07%,17.13% and 5.95%,3.18%, the fat content has no significant difference between treatments.5. Straw returning can effectively increase the maize yield, compared with the yield of not returning increased 1259.83 kg/hm2, S1T1M1 yield was significantly higher than other treatments, without straw returning in ploughing yield higher than that of rotary tillage, grain weight had significant difference, rows of plowing and interlaced plowing respectively than rows of rotary tillage and interlaced rotary tillage grain weight increased 16.47 g/ear and 15.90 g/ear. The results showed that the straw returning and ploughing tillage could increase maize production, mainly by increasing grain weight to achieve production increased.