| This study was about optimizing the culture condition of a selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To find the best fermentation conditions, the Potato Dextrose Medium was the fermentation medium. Seven optimization of factors about the time of adding Se, the concentration of Se, the cultivation temperature, the liquid volume, the inocultion quantity, the speed of table concentrator, the cultivation temperature was designed. Adding 0.25 mg/kg selenium in selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.1% preparation of Clostridium butyricum to the basic ration of broiler chicken ascertain the effects of its preparation on broiler chicken’s growth performance, slaughter performance, cecum flora and jejunum flora, antioxidant activity, the index of immune organ, the development of jejunum villus and ileum villus. The results of experiment were as follows:1. The study was about fermentation conditions of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae.the Potato Dextrose Medium is the fermentation medium. Seven optimization of factors about the time of adding Se, the concentration of Se, the cultivation temperature, the liquid volume, the inocultion quantity, the speed of table concentrator, the cultivation temperature. By measuring the bacteria volume of the selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiaet, the selenium contention of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae, The following results:the optimal liquid volume was 40 ml in 250 ml conical flask, the optimal inocultion quantity is 10%, the optimal cultivation temperature was 34 ℃, the optimal speed of table concentrator was 200 r/min, and adding Se after cultivating 24 hours, the concentration of Se was 50 μg/ml, the fermentation could be finished in 36 hours. The biomass (dry weight) reached 5.67g/L, the Unit of selenium was 6511.2254μg/g and the total Se content of the cells was 36904.172μg/L.2.150 one-day-old Avain broiler chickens were randomly divided into five treatments in 3 replications with 10 birds per replicate. Which were respectively designed as follow group A feeding with basal diet, group B feeding with basal diet+0.25 mg/kg selenium of sodium selenite, group C feeding with basal diet +0.25 mg/kg selenium of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae, group D feeding with basal diet +0.1% preparation of Clostridium butyricum, group E feeding with basal diet +0.25 mg/kg selenium of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae+0.1% preparation of Clostridium butyricum. After 35 days of this feeding experiment,the results showed as follows:(1) Growth performance:8-21days, about the average daily gain, feed in take and the feed/gain ratio, there were no abviousdifference between the groups.21-42days, the average daily gain of group C,D,E increased 6.94%,8.21%,13.01%(P<0.01) respectively, by comparing with group A. The feed intake of group E increased 4.17%(P<0.05), by comparing with group A. The feed/gain ratio of group C, D, E, B decreased 3.7%,4.19%, 6.67%(P<0.01),3.24%(P<0.05) respectively,by comparing with group A.(2) Slaughter performance:Compared with group A, the dressing percentage of group C,D,E increased 2.27%,2.60%,2.96% respectively,and thedifferences were extremely significant(P<0.01), the eviscerate percentage of group E increased 3.76%, and thedifferences were extremely significant(P<0.01), the eviscerate percentage of group C,D increased 2.65%,2.68% respectively, and the differences were significant(P<0.05), the pectoral rate of group D, E increased 8.47%,7.18% inspectively, and thedifferences were extremely significant(P<0.01), the pectoral rate of group C increased 4.52%, and the differences were significant(P<0.05), the leg rate of group E increased 6.14%, and the differences were significant(P<0.05).(3) Immune organs index and hemagglutination inhibition test:Compared with group A, the thymus index of group B, C, D, E hand no significant difference,the spleen index of group E, C increased 25.02%,22.06% respectively, and the differences were significant(P<0.05), the bural index of group E increased 10.84%, and the differences were significant(P<0.05).(4) Antioxidant experiment:Compared with group A, the T-AOC of group E, C increased 13.04%,14.62% respectively, and the differences were significant(P<0.05), the T-SOD of group E, C increased 25.63%,22.35% respectively, and the differences were significant(P<0.05), the MDA of group E decreased 29.76%, and thedifferences were extremely significant(P<0.01), the MDA of group C decreased 19.61%, and the differences were significant(P<0.05).(5) Intestinal flora:groupE, D had a lower number of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus sp. but a higher number of Lactobacillus sp and Bifidobacterium sp. in cecum compared with A. Group E, D had a higher number of Bifidobacterium sp. in jejunum compared with A.(6) Intestinal development:The height of jejunum villus, the height of ileum of ileum villus of group E, D were higher than group A.The experimental result indicated that selenium of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae and preparation of Clostridium butyricum could advance growth of broiler,The feeding effect combined selenium of selenium-enriched Saccharomyces cerevisiae with preparation of Clostridium butyricum was better. |
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