| China is the largest country of sheep raising and producer, by the end of 2008, the amount of sheep is approximately 280 million, the yield of mutton production is 380.3×104t. Because of the less space, more people and shortage of forage resources in southern agricultural areas, large-scale breeding shed is an inevitable trend of sheep industry. However, the problem come with it is the rise of feed costs and the lack of roughage resources. The price of conventional feed ingredients such as corn, soybean meal and others is keeping at the high level, in the long run, it will continue to improve, as well as the feed costs. Southern regional commercial crop byproducts such as cassava lees, rape straw and so on, are rich in natural resources with low prices, however, they are not developed effectively to feed resources in the current sheep industry. The main reason is that compared to the conventional corn, soybean meal and others, less was known about their effects on the growth performance, meat quality and commercial efficiency. Therefore, the impact of unconventional feed ingredients on the production of goats’performance and growth conditions were studied to provide a theoretical basis on the optimization formulations of unconventional feedstuffs TMR on local sheep farm. Total 54 Haimen goats (about 3 months old) were chosen and divided into three groups,the test of the local recipes TMR (group A), unconventional feed TMR group (group B) and conventional feed TMR group (group C) to feed. The formulation of diet recipes referred to NRC standards and the nutrient levels in three groups of test formulations remained on basically the same to exclude the difference of nutrient intake by each group.Then the effect of daily gain, body size, digestibility, blood parameters, indicators and other slaughter were studied. And then the goats were slaughtered to take the longissimus muscle and liver tissue as samples, quantitative PCR was used to study on expression of liver tissue ApoE, LXRa and lipid metabolism-related genes in longissimus muscle such as LPL,in order to explore the impact of unconventional feed ingredients on lipid metabolism of goat. The results were as follows:1 Effects of unconventional feed ingredients TMR on the production performance, growth traits of Haimen goats.Among the three treatments (A, B, and C), body size, heat indicators, growth traits were not significant different (P> 0.05), the difference in slaughter performances, organ weight, organ indexes among three treatments was not significant (P>0.05), there is little significantly difference among three groups in apparent digestibility of energy, crude protein, acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber (P>0.05). The results of economic benefits analysis shown that goats in group B had 11.2% and 9% greater value than those of goats under A and C treatments.2 Effects of unconventional feed ingredients TMR on the apparent digestibilityUnconventional TMR feed ingredients were used to explore the effect on the apparent digestibility of Haimen goat. These results showed that the group B goats had the highest apparent digestibility values of energy, protein, NDF and ADF than those values of goats under A and C treatments, but the difference was not significant (P> 0.05).3 Effects of unconventional feed ingredients TMR on lipid metabolism of Haimen goats.The results showed that blood concentration of total cholesterol high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and triglyceride among three groups had no significant difference (P> 0.05), and the basic indicators of blood parameters within the normal range. The mRNA expression level of longissimus muscle LPL, ApoE and LXRa were similar among goats under three treatment (P> 0.05). |
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