| For Research of the breed Characteristics of Yorkshire pig, a pig farm in Hunan of the Yorkshire pig reproductive performance of sows, boars sperm quality control, group selection process, slaughter determination and meat quality determine were measured in terms of research, in order to provide the basic data for the breeding and production of Yorkshire pig, its research results are as follows:1. In 2013,1280 of Yorkshire Sows production records as the foundation data, analyzes the index of reproductive performance of Yorkshire Sows in different breeding season, including pregnancy dates, the no-pregnancy period, total litter number, birth weight, weaning weight, et al. From the analysis of the total litter number, the lowest total number is summer, and there were significant differences (P<0.05) to other seasons, and highest in winter, and there were significant differences (P<0.05) with other seasons. Analysis of data from the mummy, each season had no significant difference (P>0.05). From the analysis of the number of stillbirth, stillbirth rate was the highest in spring, number born alive at least, and were significantly different (P<0.05) with other seasons. Look from the newborn litter, litter weight at birth in the winter maximum, and there was significant difference compared with the summer and autumn (P>0.05). Gravimetric analysis from 21 day old nest, summer born litter weight at 21 days is lowest, and there was significant difference compared with the other seasons (P>0.05).The results show that the reproductive index of Yorkshire sows to best in winter and spring, summer two season is poor. That has great influence in the south of the high temperature and high humidity conditions on reproductive performance of sows.2. As the role of regulating Yashiyong nutrition liquid in Yorkshire boars at high temperature in summer, the thesis in the area of Hunan in August to September, with 12 heads Yorkshire boars were used as experimental materials, divided into experimental group and control group, each group of 6 head, the experimental group added 30ml Yashiyong nutrition liquid/day, while the control group was not added, experimental study on the influence of the Yashiyong nutrient solution on the Yorkshire boar semen ejaculate volume, sperm density, sperm motility and sperm deformity rate. The research results show that the Yorkshire boars fed Yashiyong nutrient solution, the experimental group is increasing than the control group, ejaculate volume respectively is 197.9ml/and 185.2ml/, there was significant difference between them (P<0.05). In the sperm deformity rate, the experimental group and the control group were 13.98% and 16.37% respectively, there were significant difference between them (P<0.01). But in the sperm motility and sperm density, there was no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion:Yashiyong as a nutrient solution, have regulating effects on the thermal stress in Yorkshire boars, but we combine the price and other factors, suggest that appropriate application in large-scale pig farm only.3. Study on characteristics of the Yorkshire pig breed resources, conducted a study in Yorkshire pig reproductive performance, genetic advance, slaughter determination and meat quality determination in the farm betweet 2011 to 2014.The results show that:1) on the reproductive performance of Yorkshire sows, total litter size were 10.56,11.03,11.16,11.23 respectively, it is increasing year by year. Birth weight was 1.41 Kg,1.52 Kg,1.49Kg, 1.47Kg respectively, the highest in 2012, then there is a downward trend. Analysis of other data, in 2012 was the best, but in other years with little difference.2) from the analysis of progress in Yorkshire pig breeding process, from 2011 to 2014 years, the paternal index(TLI), maternal index (MLI)and the index of reproduction(SPI) increased year by year, and the 2012 annual promotion value is the highest, and the breeding value is upward trend basic, the show that breeding process has been in continuous. The target weight day old EBV value and backfat thickness EBV value in 2012 is the best level, then there is a downward trend, reducing year by year, it is related to the breeding objectives.3) In 2012 years and 2013 we develop slaughter determination of Yorkshire pig respectively, slaughter determination index include the slaughter weight, carcass weight, slaughter rate, lean meat percentage, backfat thickness, loin muscle area, skin thick and rib logarithm number. The results show that:the Yorkshire pigs slaughter rate in 2012 and 2013 were 74.70% and 74.32% respectively, lean meat percentage were 65.69% and 65.23% respectively, loin muscle area were 38.26 cm2 and 37.60 cm2 respectively, skin thick were 0.32 and 0.31cm respectively, the index value are all in normal level, the slaughter is not significant difference in 2012 years and 2013 years.4) The Yorkshire pig meat quality measured including muscle PHI, meat color score, marble, muscle water holding rate, cooked meat rate, muscle crude ash and crude protein and other index. The results show that Yorkshire pig in 2012 and 2013 in muscle PHI, meat color score, marble, muscle water holding rate, cooked meat rate, muscle crude ash and crude protein have no significant difference, muscle PHI were 6.1 and 6.2, compared with other introduced species, in a better level, meat color score were 3.58 and 3.76, it is a higher level, marble were 3.43 and 3.35, in the middle level also, DFD and PSE meat does not find in the slaughter test. Muscle water holding rate were 89.73 and 88.78, that the meat quality is better. Cooked meat rate were 72.14 and 72.24, in the middle level. Intramuscular fat content were 2.34 and 2.44, it is the medium level compared to exotic species, but compared with the Chinese local pig breeds, the content is relatively low. The crude protein content was 22.44 and 22.03, in the middle level.The production performance of part of the new American Yorkshire pigs were studied, and the genetic advance were studied, and provide basic data and reference for new American Yorkshire pigs in our province. |
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