| In the process of no-till seeding, sowing depth determines the seeding quality.Because soil back to ditch performance is poor, sowing depth is difficult to control on deep fertilization. Therefore uniformity of sowing depth is a big problem waiting to be solved. In this paper, a new type sliding push opener was designed. The opener has a good performance of putting soil back into the ditch, and it is easy to control the depth of seeds and has less forward resistance. At the same time, Then a large number of straw cove the earth, no-till seeder need to have strong ability to pass through and cut straw. Disc coulter with strong ability of cutting straw can make no-till seeder to have strong ability of passing through. Through experimental study, having found the optimal parameters of disc coulter, which have better straw cutting rate and smaller forward resistance, and studies combinating the opener. The paper is completed with the support of the national science and technology in the field of rural areas. The main contents are as follows:1) From the perspective of the whole machine structure, the paper analyzes the working process of the seeder and its working principle, Determine the overall structure of soybean no-till seeder and the related performance parameters.2) Experimental study on disc coulter. Determining main parameters(cutting disc diameter, sweep angle, drill speed) of the disc coulter, according its performances of cutting straw by analyzing the working process of disc coulter; Selecting the diameter of the disc coulter, sweep angle and the drill speed as test factors, the resistance of drilling and the rate of cutting straw as test index, finding out the relationship between them based on one-factor experiment; Then selecting the disc coulter diameter, sweep angle and speed as optimize parameters, selecting seeder forward resistance, the rate of cutting straw as test index, The method of three factors and five levels quadratic regression general rotation composite design was applied. Test results were optimized by using the Design-expert 8.0 software, minimal resistance and maximum straw cutting rate as optimization goal, The results showed that optimal performance parameters of disc coulter—speed of 5km/h, disc coulter diameter of 400 mm, sweep angle of 0°.3) Sliding push opener was designed. Finding out the relationship between sliding push angle and sliding push curve of parabolic type; Using pro/E software in parameterized modeling of sliding push opener. generating required shape of sliding push opener directly by setting the value of sliding push angle and upside width, saving time and convenient processing were achieved.4) Experimental study on sliding push opener. Through analysis of sliding push opener, test factors of sliding push angle, upside width and speed of seeder were selected, in order to study influence of trenching width, mass of back soil and three force; Selecting the range of factors by one-factor experiment, in order to make preparations for further study of multi-factor test. Experiment was applied by optimized disc coulter, fertilizer shovel and sliding push opener. Selecting seeder forward resistance and mass of back soil as test index, upside width and sliding push angle of disc coulter as test factor, Experiment of two factors and three levels was applied. Test results were optimized by using the Design-expert 8.0 software, minimal seeder forward resistance and maximum mass of back soil as optimization goal, The results showed that optimal structure parameters of sliding push opener—sliding push angle of 48°, upside width of 54 mm. The paper achieve the purpose of parameters optimization of seeder key components, which can improve work performance of whole machine and reduce working cost. |
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