Study On Nitrogen Uptake And Distribution Regulation Of Spring Maize Under Different Management Patterns

Maize as a C4 plant, whose photosynthetic efficiency is high, can obtain much more biological yield. It is very significant for China and even the world food security. This research, in order to solve the problems including the bad varieties, low density, poor scientific fertilization and other issues from traditional farmers in the process of production, puts forward to four management patterns which are farmer patter、high production-efficiency pattern、further high yield pattern and further high production-efficiency pattern for the study of yield and nitrogen nutrient efficiency. High production-efficiency pattern is the basis of the farmer model, aiming to improve the yield of 10%-15% and the efficiency of nutrient of 10-15%.Further high yield pattern eventually in order to increase the yield of 30-50%.Then further high production-efficiency pattern aims at optimizing the yield to increase by 30-50%, the same to the efficiency of nutrient. Therefore, this research from the yield, the group of photosynthetic performance and the absorption of nitrogen studies the high yield mechanism of spring corn under the three kinds of patterns. The main outcomes show as follows:(1) The grain yield of farm management pattern is 9007.39kg/hm2 Compared the three patterns with the farmer model, high production-efficiency pattern、further high yield pattern and further high production-efficiency pattern respectively increased 11.79%、37.16%、 35.46%.(2) Compared the three patterns with the farmer pattern, the maize’s leave areas were obviously increased, and in the silk stage the difference was the most significant, respectively increasing 33.96%,52.26% and 37.72% than the farmer pattern. The photosynthetic potential of maize in each stage, compared with the farmer pattern, performed significantly improvement, manifesting the formula:further high yield pattern> further high production-efficiency pattern> high production-efficiency pattern> farmer pattern.(3) The difference amounting of dry matter accumulation of maize yield at different growth periods under four kinds of management models also showed:further high yield pattern> further high production-efficiency pattern> high production-efficiency pattern> farmer pattern. Compared with the farmer pattern, the high production-efficiency pattern, further high yield pattern and further high production-efficiency pattern increased 6.01%, 25.33%,14.76%. The group effect can be totally revealed in blossom after the spinning stage. Meanwhile, the dry matter transportation and the accumulation in high production-efficiency pattern、further high yield pattern and further high production-efficiency pattern were higher than in the farmer pattern.(4) In the respect of the nitrogen absorption, it shows:further high yield pattern> further high production-efficiency pattern> high production-efficiency pattern> farmer pattern. And the N remobilization quantity efficiency of the vegetative organs is as follows:further high yield pattern> further high production-efficiency pattern> high production-efficiency pattern> farmer pattern. Then high production-efficiency pattern has the highest nitrogen uptake、nitrogen harvest index、N partial factor productivity and physiological N use efficiency.(5) The soil nitrate nitrogen pattern mainly enriches in 60-90cm difference among those patterns, and it shows further high yield pattern> further high production-efficiency pattern> high production-efficiency pattern> farmer pattern. As the increasing of nitrogen fertilizer, nitrate nitrogen component in soil also goes up. Therefore, if the usage of nitrogenous fertilizer is much too high, the absorption of nitrogen of maize will be impacted, and lead the nitrate leaching and folding.All the analysis shows that the further high production-efficiency pattern is the best patter, compared with the farmer model the yield increased 35.46%. Not only is it good for the environment but had the best utilizing nitrogen.