Root Research Of Diploid, Tetraploid Maize, Tetraploid Perennial Teosinte And Their Hybridization Progenies

In this study,diploid maize (wf9),tetraploid perennial Class (9475) created the corn and triploid (wf9×9475,twf9),and tetraploid (Twf9×9475) for the study,from seedlings period to the withering of the root morphology and root anatomy of indicators were analyzed and compared, the purpose is to reveal the annual and perennial species and their hybrids similarities and differences in the root system,to elucidate the important characteristics of perennial traits and provide a scientific basis for the perennial maize breeding. The results were as follows:1.From seedling stage to wither period, a total of seven root root area analysis showed that the physiological period from seedling stage to jointing stage, the root, the root area is almost the same change trend, showed rapid growth. After tasseling stage, materials and Wf9 9475x9475 perennial root area began to exceed annual material, annual material Wf9 and Twf9 x 9475 root area of steady growth and the trend of decline, and perennial material and Wf9 9475x9475 still has strong growth trend; After withering period, perennial materials and Wf9 9475 x 9475 also appeared downtrend but still keep the roots of the larger area.From seedling stage to booting stage the root growth almost the same change trend, the germplasms showed rapid growth. After tasseling stage, materials and Wf9 9475 x 9475 perennial root length beyond annual materials, annual material Wf9 and Twf9 x 9475 root length growth leveled off and the trend of decline, and perennial material and Wf9 9475 x 9475 still has strong growth trend; In withering stage, the annual material Wf9 and basic dead Twf9 x 9475 root, and perennial materials and Wf99475 x 9475 is still maintaining high root length.Each material root tip number from seedling stage to booting stage the root, the root number have almost the same change trend, showed rapid growth. After jointing stage, Twf9 x 9475 and Wf9 root number, branch number slow growth, and in tasseling stage began to decline. While Wf9 x 9475 and began to decline after 9475 continues to grow rapidly in the filling stage but were greater than Twf9 x 9475 and Wf9.Roots of various materials in the whole period of the branch after rising to decline phenomenon. From seedling stage to jointing stage each material for rapid growth. After jointing stage, annual material Twf9 x 9475 and Wf9 growth rate tends to be slow and began to decline after the filling stage. Perennial material Wf9 x 9475 and 9475 after jointing stage is still growing rapidly, and the root branch after tasseling stage Twf9 x 9475 and Wf9 count beyond annual materials.From seedling stage to tasseling stage, the growth of annual material and perennial root length change is similar; But from tasseling stage to wither period, annual root system to stop the growth and decline gradually, while the perennial roots remain high growth rate, the growth of annual and perennial root in tasseling stage to wither period is put in bigger difference.2. Of the tested materials from tillering to root anatomy of six periods of time wither analysis showed:From seedling to heading of each of the tested materials root outer cortex thickness consistent trend, showed slow growth. After tasseling,9475 and Wf9×9475 root outer cortex thickness overtake Wf9 and Twf9 x 9475. Raw material outer cortical thickness year growth tends to slow steady growth, while the 9475 and Wf9×9475 with a strong growth trend in the filling stage, probably with the changes in the external environment and physiological periods, perennial material begins to exhibit a more thicker the phenomenon of the skin layer. Wf9 and Twf9×9475 roots gradually withered and died, not dynamic, so that the material outside the annual increase in cortical thickness is no longer decreasing trend even.Twf9 x 9475 and Wf9 xylem area throughout the life cycle exhibit slowly increasing trend, while the 9475 and Wf9×9475 xylem in the seedling stage to heading stage also did not appear significantly thicker increase only slowly, but after filling stage is Expressed by a clear upward trend, and in the whole area were higher than during the xylem thickening Twf9×9475 and Wf9. Show that life in the late perennial plants with decreasing temperature and other environmental conditions are harsh trend started under the thick perennial plants through the xylem to spend adverse environment, is a perennial perennial plants can exhibit an important characteristic morphological features.3.In the green light excitation, at all material times perennial 9475 and Wf9×9475 OD values were higher than a year raw material Twf9 x 9475 and Wf9. From seedling to grain filling stage, the OD value of each material exhibited a slow increase. Twf9 x 9475 and Wf9 OD values gradually declined after the filling stage, Wf9×9475 OD values gradually slowing growth trend, but 9475 still showed a higher growth trend.Under UV excitation, at all material times perennial 9475 and Wf9×9475 OD values were higher than a year raw material Twf9 x 9475 and Wf9. From seedling to grain filling stage, the OD value of each material exhibited a slow increase. Twf9×9475 and Wf9 OD values decreased while filling period after 9475 and Wf9 x 9475OD values are still continuing to rise.In the green light excitation, the internal energy of substances such as starch, roots and other material will show red, indicating that the perennial plants in the period after the filling material transfer more energy to the root of them, but after a year old plants in the filling stage more the energy transferred to the ground portion. Meanwhile, the different roots of perennial energy storage material situation also appears different changes.