| This article take the national improved tea cultivar Fudingdabaicha as the control (CK), the external form of tea trees, stages in germination, characters of leaves, main biochemical compositions of fresh leaves, fluorine contents and indirect indexes of resistance of the Huang Jinya, Jin Guang and Yu Jinxiang which were firstly introduced from Zhejiang Province to Sichuan tea area were studied to analyze the comprehensive performance of the three cultivars in Sichuan tea area and to determine their planting suitability. The results showed that:(1)The growth potential of the three introduced varieties Yu Jinxiang, Huang Jinya and Jinguang in Western Sichuan tea area are weaker than the control of Fudingdabaicha, the Yu Jinxiang is better than Huang Jinya and Jin Guang. Phenophase result shows that:the germination period of these 3 introduced varieties in 2012 and 2013 are 8-1 lday’s,4-20day’s later than the control Fudingdabaicha;but Yu Jinxiang is earlier than Huang Jinya and Jin Guang, Jin Guang is the latest,which is belonging to the late maturing varieties, while the other two varieties belonging the type of medium-birth varieties.(2) The characters of bud and leaf of these three introduced varieties with soft bud and leaves, elongating tenderness lasting time of the strong characteristics, more hair, strong bud-germination ability, medium density, and control. But the color of new shoot have certain difference in each varieties, Yu Jinxiang is yellow, Huang Jinya is yellow, Jin Guang is yellow in the spring while it is yellow with purple in summer and autumn, the control Fudingdabaicha is olivine. The length and weight of each varieties’shoot are less than the control, showed that the growth potential and growth rate of new shoot were lower than the control, the buds and leaves are thin, suitable for making famous tea.(3)The results of main biochemical components test showed that:the water extract of Yu Jinxiang in spring, summer, autumn are 36.54%～44.15%, the content of caffeine content of amino acid 3.53%～4.36%,3.66%～6.92%, tea polyphenol content of 19.52%～22.51%; The water extract of Huang Jinya is 32.48%-46.00%, caffeine content is 3.04～4.45%. Amino acid content,3.29%～6.22%,15.8%～21.39% content of tea polyphenols; The water extract of Jin Guang is 41.50%～43.67%, caffeine content is 2.70%～3.94%, the content of amino acid is 3.24%-5.96%, the contents of tea polyphenols is 20.40%-25.51%. Except spring shoots of Yu Jinxiang and autumn shoots of Huang Jinya, The water extract of spring, summer, autumn shoots were higher than 40% in tested cultivars, showed that the 3 introduced varieties are relatively rich in inclusions. The total amino acids of new shoots of all varieties in spring, summer, autumn were higher than the control, among them, the total amino acids of spring shoots were about 6%. From the amino acid composition of view, Yu Jinxiang, Jin Guang, Huang Jinya of spring shoots of 19 kinds of amino acids were higher than the control by 33.46%,8.70% and 13.92%. All varieties of spring shoots of tea polyphenol content sequence is:Fudingdabaicha>JinGuang>Yu Jinxiang>Huang Jinya, were respectively lower than Fudingdabaicha by4.63%,8.74% and26.13%; But tea polyphenol content of Jin Guang were higher than the control by 4.46%,7.64% in summer,autumn, while Yu Jinxiang and Huang Jinya were 0.05%,8.31% lower than the control.3 introduced varieties of caffeine content was higher than CK in Spring and summer, Yu Jinxiang> Huang Jinya> CK> Jin Guang in autumn. The total content of catechins of Huang Jinya, Jin Guang significantly higher than the control, the Yu Jinxiang was significantly lower than the control. From the components of view, all kinds of non ester catechin (EGC+EC) content is lower than the ester type catechins content (EGCG+ECG). Yu Jinxiang catechin quality index is higher than the control, while the other two varieties were less than the control.Three introduced varieties of spring shoots are below 5 in phenol ammonia ratio, and the content of amino acid are about 6%, therefore, the production of famous Green Tea have material basis of refreshing taste, in summer and autumn,the phenol ammonia ratio is between 5.85～7.87, also suitable for the production of bulk Green Tea.(4) From the photosynthesis characteristic of view, there is significantly difference between the net photosynthetic rate of light (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), water use efficiency (WUE),stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of the 3 characteristics introduced tea cultivars. Among them, the Yu Jinxiang is similar to the control Fudingdabaicha, showed higher net photosynthesis and water use efficiency, better transpiration capacity, larger stomata conductance, strong CO2 accumulation ability and light response ability, indicating that this variety has relatively strong ability in photosynthetic capability. Three introduced varieties of light saturation point and light compensation point have big difference, the photosynthetic rate of Yu Jinxiang is higher,the light saturation point is also higher.Changes in the three introduced species of photosynthetic rate showed a single peak type,no obvious midday depression of photosynthesis,Photosynthetic diurnal variation studies also showed that, the photosynthetic capacity of Yu Jinxiang is slightly better than Huang Jinya and Jin Guang.(5) Observations from field identification, resistance of three introduced varieties showed the trend that:Fudingdabaicha> Yu Jinxiang> Jin Guang>Huang Jinya.The preliminary results of leaf anatomical structure observation showed that, the resistance of Yu Jinxiang is similar to the control Fudingdabaicha, the resistance of Huang Jinya and Jin Guang is weaker than the control.In the condition of high temperature and drought,from the MDA content point of view, the content sequence showed that:Huang Jinya>Jin Guang>Yu Jinxiang>Fudingdabaicha, The proline content of Huang Jinya, Jin Guang was significantly lower than the control, while Yu Jinxiang was similar to the control.The electrical conductivity of tea sequence showed that Huang Jinya>Jin Guang>Yu Jinxiang,Fudingdabaicha. The SOD enzyme activity, POD enzyme activity, CAT enzyme activity of 3 introduced varieties were significantly lower than that of the control, The activity level of the order is Fudingdabaicha> Yu Jinxiang> Jin Guang>. Huang Jinya.These results indicated that, under drought conditions, the resistance of control Fudingdabaicha, Yu Jinxiang are stronger than Huang Jinya, Jin Guang.Under the condition of low temperature,consistent performance trend of the three varietiesof the SOD enzyme activity, CAT enzyme activity as drought conditions, significantly lower than the control. POD enzyme activity showed that the Fudingdabaicha>HuangJinya>JinGuang>YuJinxiang. The content of MDA, proline of these three varieties are similar to the control Fudingdabaicha. The relative electric conductivity showed that:Huang Jinya>Jin Guang>Yu Jinxiang,Fudingdabaicha.The test results of all varieties resistant index of comprehensive in drought and low temperature environment showed that:The drought resistance and cold resistance of Yu Jinxiang is slightly weak than the control Fudingdabaicha, but significantly higher than the other two varieties.(6) Comprehensive evaluation of three varieties in Western Sichuan tea area growth, phenology, the main content of biochemical components and ratio, photosynthetic characteristics and resistance, all cultivars had different characteristics. Among them, the Yujinxiang is HuangJinya and glittering with vigorous growth, high photosynthetic efficiency, production potential is large; from the biochemical composition of view, the contents is abundant, and the high content of amino acids, phenol ammonia ratio is low, the material basis of production fresh and pure taste, excellent quality of high Green Tea; its resistance and adaptability is strong in the HuangJinya and Jinguang, relatively better comprehensive traits; plus bud leaf gold yellow with ornamental value, can be used as the characteristics of cultivars and varieties of ornamental suitable Sichuan tea area, mix planting. HuangJinya and Jinguang also has the biochemical basis of production quality, characteristics of tea, and ornamental value, but its growth and resistance are poor, only suitable for small area planted at the same time, in the introduction, cultivation and management, should also pay attention to strengthen management of water and fertilizer and defensive pest and natural disasters, in order to improve the yield and benefit. |
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