Chromosome Doubling Of Pentaploid Strawberries From Fragaria Ananassa× F. Viridis And Investigation Of Biological Characteristics Of Decaploid Lines

Strawberry, which is a kind of perennial herbaceous plant in the Rosaceae family, is one of the major fruit crops in the world. The number of common strawberry species is about twenty and the ploidies of most strawberries concentrate on the 2x,4x, 6x and 8x. The quantity, cultivated area and production of wild strawberries in China rank the first in the world. The varieties of wild strawberries which distribute naturally is 11, three of them are tetraploid and the others are octoploid. It is a necessity and possibility to transfer good traits and genetic resources which exist in lower ploidy of the wild strawberries into cultivated strawberries through the interspecific sexual hybridization technology and abundant wild strawberry resources.1. From the paper,28 pentaploid lines were obtained through soaking cultivation strawberries (F.×ananassa’Fusanoka’) and (F.×ananassa’Benihoppe’) and (F. viridis) by using colchicine, included 22 hybrided by (F. × ananassa’Fusanoka’) and (F. viridis),6 hybrids by (F. × ananassa’Benihoppe’) and (F. viridis). Handling method:Colchicine concentration is 1.0 mg/L, the processing time is 48 h, (shock in oven controlled crystal oscillator,100～120 rpm), the temperature is 25±1℃, avoid light. Each line was obtained by the flow cytometry instrument detection double decaploid the body line of success. Decaploid lines which were detected by flow cytometer were successfully obtained by each line, and the number of decaploid lines is 123.2. Isolated stem tip of pentaploid the body line hybrid strawberry’FxLs-11-49’ was as a kind of test material by using Oryzalin as a inducers for strawberry polyploidy. Concentrations of Oryzalin is respectively 20,40,60,80,100 mg/L, the processing time is respectively 24 h,48 h,72 h,21 combinations in total. Handling method:isolated stem tip of strawberry, soak in Oryzalin solution, shock in oven controlled crystal oscillator (100-120 rpm) until required time, the temperature is 25±1℃, and also avoid light. The results showed that it was successful using Oryzalin to induce decaploid and receive 17 lines inductivity with 24 h,100 mg/L combination was the highest, which was 23.81%.3. Some botanical and biological characteristics like lamina, stolon, flower and fruit of decaploid the body strawberries lines as D-FxLs-11-37-01-84 were observed and recorded. The results showed that, these lines had smaller fruit and longer flowering phase compared with cultivation strawberries. And obtained 15 decaploid the body strawberries lines with more inflorescences, larger hardness, better taste, thicker frangrance, higher fruit rate and strong fertility.