| The Chinese Pharmacopoeia of 2010 was contained Pinelilia ternata (Thunb.)Breit. derived from Araceae.It was first documented in the Huang Di Nei Jing. It is a traditional Chinese medicine, with a variety of phlegm and vomiting, etc.Have the same origin and effect of Pinellia pedatisecta Schott. Due to sharp increase in market demand, supply and demand have become increasingly prominent. Cause the medicine market shoddy, deceptive phenomenon of illegal business. And the different drug habits around, often leading to B instead of A to be used. Clinical medication safety lay hidden. In recent years, research has focused on their chemical composition, pharmacological effects, cultivation technology. But no systematic and comprehensive comparison of their research reports.To further expand the medicinal resources, and rational development, as well as provided the basis to clinical medication safety. On the basis of previous studies, the test under the same growing conditions, comparatived study of their growth rhythm, anatomical characteristics, the heat resistance and nutritional characteristics.The specific studies has a few aspects:1 Observation of growth rule through phenophase. Select tubers of similar size as propagation material, about 15-20 d after sowing germination, three basal leaves, petiole length, about 4-5 days after the ground-breaking, petioles formed bulbils. Bulbils growing period is about 45-50 days after the natural shedding mature bulbils. Its tubers are flat ball, and with side stems, shaped like a tiger palm; since birth prolongation of the reason, the blades is constantly changing, the petiole is long and does not produce bulbils; spathe is green and has a white stripe, stamens, pistils are located inflorescence axis, under two; after the seeds are ripe, detached from the spathe, when the soil is about 7-9 d after the encounter will germinate, the first single leaf shapes are heart-shaped, from will enter the stage of sexual reproduction.2 Use the methods of paraffin to compare their microstructural characteristics of leaves, petioles and roots. They leavesare both sides.The differentiation of palisade tissue and spongy tissues was obvious. The cuticle of upper and lower epidermis are relatively thick. Under the epidermis stomata randomly distributed. Stomata was composed by a pair of is deputy defense cells. Petiole almost circular. The epidermal cells regular distributed of chloroplasts. The mechanical tissue came from thick horn cells. The mechanical tissue was mostly below the veins and skin. Their vascular were represented by three layers and four layers cells which arranged in a ring. Their roots were composed by epidermis, cortex and pericycle. The developmental approach of pericycle was multi-prototype.3 By observed that their tuber consists of epidermis, cortex, basic organization, and vascular tissue. Tubers were rich in starch grains exist. Cluster and needle crystals of calcium oxalate mostly in the mucous cells. Peripheral vascular bundles of wood type. Catheter mostly circular catheter. Bulbils and tubers of A has a similar structure. When the apical meristem mature bulbils will naturally fall off. Stamens rounded, and firmly affixed to the shaft portion of inflorescence. From the cross-section could be found the anther sac was surrounded by pollensac; pistil was located in the lower part of the stamens, and the white particles.4 It has been reported that, A is a complex group of ploidy. The chromosome ploidy originated from many factors. The test results showed that this test material was an octoploid. In which A 2n= 104; B 2n= 26. So.By the number of chromosomes, A and B cloud be distinguished.5 We found that the hight summer temperatures was main reason which leaded A, B to wither. HA as a natural organic compound, has been widely applied to agricultural production. Which stimulate plant growth, increased crop resistance, improve the quality and so on. In this experiment, the degree of foliar application by different concentrations of HA treatment. And analysised the effects on physiological indices of their under high temperature stress. When HA foliar spray concentrations of 60 ppm and 80 ppm, could significantly increase the activities of antioxidant enzymes in their leaves; reduced the content of MDA; promoted the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Description, a high concentration of HA foliar spray treatment, cloud reduced the temperature on plant damage, and improved the heat resistance.6 The experimental treatments by different nitrogen forms. Test shows that with the increase of the proportion of ammonium nitrogen, plant leaves SOD, CAT, NR activity was reduced after the first rising trend. When ammonium nitrate ratio of 50:50, the leaves of SOD, CAT activity was highest. Also the content of nitrate was highest too. It also found that the nitrogen forms on different secondary metabolites have different effects; When ammonium nitrate ratio of 75:25, the content of total alkaloid was highest.7 HA with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer, cloud significantly promoted accumulation of nitrate and free amino acids in their leaves and petiole. And enhance the activity of NR, GS in leaves. Comparison among all treatments found that higher levels of fertilizer treatment (treatment 6,7) clound significantly affected the cumulative of total alkaloids in tubers. But the cumulative change of total organic acids was not obvious, the mechanism requires further study. |
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