Effects Of Liquid Film Mulching On Soil Evaporation, Soil Temperature And The Crops Of Cotton Under Drip Irrigation

Plastic film mulching technology can greatly improve the yield and quality of cotton, it played an important role in cotton production. But plastic film used for many years and recovery measures ineffective, resulting in most parts of Xinjiang in the plastic film residue more and more in the soil, residual film of soil bring serious pollution to the soil and the living environment. To solve more and more serious “white pollution”problem in cotton field in arid regions, to eliminate residual film in the cotton growth phenomenon on fundamentally, this paper explore the feasibility of liquid film instead of plastic film combined with drip irrigation. The test pit experiments and pot trials of the combination of methods, research the liquid film mulching on drip irrigation cotton soil evaporation, soil temperature and crop effects in two years, and compared plastic film covered with uncovered were compared. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Liquid film is a kind of compound environmental protection that degrade brown viscous liquid, it can form a black film while spraying on the surface of the soil with water. The film can effectively inhibit the evaporation of soil moisture, while absorbing more solar energy, so as to improve the soil temperature. At the same time, This layer of curing film can be transformed into Humic acid fertilizer by natural degradation, and improve the structure of soil in a short time. Pot experiment showed that, the soil evaporation of liquid film mulching decreased by 4.27 ~ 29.14% compared with bare land. Liquid film 1900kg/hm2(LFD1) soil evaporation compared with bare land reduced 4.27 to 16.57%, liquid film 2500kg/hm2(LFD3) and liquid film 2200kg/hm2(LFD2) soil evaporation were reduced 15.44 ~ 29.14% and 13.85 ~ 19.43% compared with bare land. That test pit experiments showed, liquid film processing, 5cm ground temperature increased 1.5 ~ 2.1 degrees than bare land, increasing temperature from 3.65 to 6.41%. Compared with bare land, 10 cm ground temperature increased 0.6~2.2 degrees, increasing temperature from 2.62 to 7.78%.(2) The amount of liquid film mulching is conducive to the cotton leaves to capture the light energy and used for photosynthesis, and weaken the dissipation of the non radiant energy, especially in the later stages of cotton growth. Pot experiment showed that, in bud stage, net light photosynthetic rates of LFD1, LFD2 and LFD3 were respectively increased by 11.12%, 29.76% and 40.20% compared with bare soil. The net photosynthetic rate of LFD3 respectively increased by 26.17% and 8.05% compared with LFD1 and LFD2.The amount of liquid film mulching can improve the photosynthesis efficiency, and increase the cotton dry material accumulation, and then increase the cotton yield. Therefore, it can be considered that the high photosynthetic efficiency of the plastic film mulch during the growth of drip irrigation cotton is one of the important physiological reasons for the high yield of cotton.(3) There is inherent connection between the physical properties of the soil and the growth and development of cotton. Good soil physical properties for cotton growth and development. The liquid film film dosage size affected the cotton growth stage, with the increasing equality of liquid film, the early stage of the cotton is earlier. The liquid film mulching can increase the leaf area of the cotton, and moderate the growth rate of the leaf area, so as to lay a good foundation for the early maturing and high yield of cotton. Pot experiment showed that yield under liquid film mulching, whose yield is 4980 ~ 5317kg/hm2, is 7.1 ~ 14.39% higher than bare land. While yield under liquid film mulching reduces 28 ~ 365kg/hm2 compared with plastic film, and reduction rate reaches 0.11 ~ 7.4%.Therefore, the liquid film mulching is a feasible technology in the cotton production of drip irrigation. With the urgent need to protect the agricultural ecological environment and agricultural water saving, the sustainable and efficient development of agriculture is more extensive and has the potential of development. According to the test results, the liquid film in Xinjiang suitable dosage is 2500kg/hm2.