Research And Design Of Pneumatic And Vertical Insert Precision Hill-seeder With Corn Whole Plastic-film Mulching On Double Ridges

Soil degradation, drought worsened, low economic benefit and other issues in northwest dry farming areas restricts the sustainable development of its local agriculture. Technology of whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges differs from the traditional planting-in-ridges pattern, which can significantly improve the yield of crops. And because of its remarkable economic benefits, this technology has been popularized in large scale in northwestern areas. However, problems of high rate of empty hole, low qualification rate of sowing depth and high dislocation rate between seed hole and film hole existing in whole plastic-film mulching hill-seeder developed in recent years have become the main factors restricting mechanized cultivation in this technology.Based on the research of current vertical insert precision corn hill-seeder, a pneumatic and vertical insert precision corn hill-seeder was designed. The hill-seeder adopted high pressure air outputting from air compressor to drive dibber reciprocating motion in high-speed and can complete digging a hole, sowing, unearthing and resetting in a very short time. Then whole structure and principle scheme of hill-seeder were determined and power transmission mechanism as well as transmission system was designed. Then structural parameters of hill-seeder’s each working component were designed and calculated. Each part of the planter’s three-dimensional parametric model was completed through SolidWorks software and scattered parts were assembled into a whole machine. And then, planter’s frame was input to static analysis environment of ANSYS Workbench to carry out deformation, stress and strain analysis in order to verify rationality of design of frame’s strength and stiffness. Finally, hill-seeder was carried out kinematics simulation through SolidWorks Motion to obtain trajectory of hole digger. In conclusion, the rationality of design of the whole planter was verified and the problems of current hill-seeder such as low working efficiency, high insert resistance, tearing film and dislocation between seed hole and film hole were solved.The main innovative points of this design are as follows: the hill-seeder adopted high pressure air outputting from air compressor to drive dibber digging a hole and sowing. The notion breaks through the existing design idea that vertical insert hill-seeder is driven by pure mechanical method. The push rod and cover shell of seeding disc are provided with a rack and a gear respectively. The precision seeding for hole wheeled seeding meter is realized through reciprocating transmission between rack and gear.The matched powers for the machine are R170 B type( 3.64 kW/3000 r.min-1) small tractor of Changchai brand and 1100W-40 L type( 1.1kW/100 L.min-1) air compressor of OTS. The structural dimension is 1070×1280×1140 mm. Total weight of the machine is 164.7 kg. The inner and outer cylinder diameter were respectively 90 and 160 mm. The type of metering device is socket roller. The planting row was three. Sow one grain each hole. The operating speed is 0.50 m.s-1 and the production efficiency is 0.27 hm2.h-1.