Coastal Saline Land Water And Salt Monitoring And Preliminary Analysis

Yellow River Delta became an important content of Nation Balanced Development between regions and one of the important constituent parts of Shandong Development of Regional Economy because of its unique geographical location and rich land resource and natural resources. but the seashore saline soil which came up by the process from shallow sea to land of the Yellow River Delta seriously restricts the development of local agriculture, and the Yellow River Delta is very young and its ecological environment is so fragile, unreason development of the land and incompletely Irrigation and drainage measures is very easy to cause soil secondary salinization and threats Wetland ecological diversity. As the hinterland of Yellow River Delta, Kenli County bears the brunt of these problems. So, it has important guidance significance to treat the seashore saline soil of Kenli County that study the soil sanity and the spatial distribution/correlativity of chemical parameters and their path coefficient to EC5:1, and In situ real-time monitoring soil water and salt dynamic, groundwater level and salt dynamic, and atmospheric precipitation, then analysis their quantitative relation and mutual dynamic rule.Surveying and sampling within the scope of Kenli County, measuring the electric conductivity, PH, Cl-, SO42-, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ of the extract liquid of the samples which the water and soil rate is 5:1, and using computer software such as origin8.0, SPSS20.0, Excel, ArcGIS, etc. to compute their descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, path analysis and ordinary kriging spatial interpolation analysis; using soil water content monitoring system to measure the dynamic change of of volume moisture content and the volume electric conductivity in situ disturbance soil by natural condition, measure the Atmospheric precipitation, soil evaporation by lysimeter and the groundwater level, salinity, temperature dynamic by groundwater monitoring system, respectively, then combing the main factors which affect soil water and salt analysis soil water and salt dynamic rule in natural condition. Come to the conclusion that:The major icon of the salt in Kenli County soil is Cl-、Na+, all the chemical parameters of 0-20 cm soil is larger than 20-40 cm soil except PH, all the chemical parameters presents above medium variation except PH; the major chemical parameters which affect EC5:1 largely is Cl-, Na+, Ca2+ and Cl-, SAR, Ca2+ of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil, respectively; spatial interpolation shows that EC5:1, Cl-, Na+ and SAR of 0-20 cm soil present spatial distribution of the southeast high and northwest low, and 20-40 cm soil is south high and north low, the minimum value is in the northeast.The study area have a very strong seasonal rainfall in a year, and rain is concentrate in May to September; the groundwater level is shallow, and the average level is less than 2m, the saltness is high in the groundwater, and the interannual variation is small. As the geographic position is more near to the Bohai Sea, the saltness of the groundwater is higher, and the water level is shallower, meanwhile the water level dynamic is more easily affected by tidal action, and if the geographic position is far away from the Bohai Sea, the water level is mainly affected by precipitation and irrigation. When more shallow the water level is, the greater interannual variation the temperature is.The water content and bulk EC of Shallow soil is mainly affected by precipitation and soil evaporation, and the deep soil is affected by groundwater, oppositely, the medium deep soil is affected by both or the both affect it very little. The vertical migration of soil moisture is mostly controlled by the basic physicochemical property of soil, the more homogeneity the texture is, the more consistency the moisture and salt dynamic presents. The Soil moisture and bulk EC’s dynamics of the four study sites are significant different, the saltness is more high while the positon is nearer to seashore, and when the soil ripening is well, the saltness may low. Though, the four sites has some similitudes, such as soil moisture will all rise varying degrees in the rain spell, and after the rain spell the shallow soil appears strong accumulation of salt, entering into the late autumn precipitation and evaporation reduction, groundwater recession, and soil moisture continue to reduce and soil bulk EC stabilized gradually. The deeper the soil is, the smaller temperature changes interannual, and presents a phenomenon that the temperature is lower in summer and higher in winter compared to shallow soil.The study of the dynamics of soil water and salt after precipitation(heavy rain grade) for 10 days showed that: Precipitation could increase soil moisture of each layer and rise groundwater, meanwhile, there is remarkable correlation between groundwater water level, surface evapotranspiration and soil moisture and salinity, but the relationship of the soil in different depth varies; The precipitation leaching caused the soil salt from surface to 10 cm, then the soil salt return to the surface due to evaporation. Therefore the electrical conductivity of soil at 10 cm within 10 days after the rainfall showed go up first and then down. The salinity of 20-40 cm soil downward migration affected by precipitation leaching, but the influence of evaporation is very small, therefore its conductivity has been declining. The conductivity of 40-60 cm soil decreased after the first heavy rain fall, but it rise after the second rain because soil salinity of the upper layer was leached to the layer. The initial value of soil salt content at 60-80 cm is high and little change because precipitation intensity was not sufficient on its impact. 80-100 cm soil significantly affected by groundwater, which soil conductivity and the water level was positively correlated.