| Yellow clunamon soil, as one of mainly farmland soil of the major grain producing areas in henan province, is soil resources of enriching the soil fertility and improve yield huge potential space. This experiment by studying the different material with NPK fertilizers on soil physical and chemical properties of yellow clunamon soil, as well as the effect on crop yield and the nitrogen accumulation, the yellow clunamon soil of our province comprehensive improvement of soil utilization and provide theoretical basis for high yield of grain and technical support. The main results were as follows:1. Compared with CK treatment, single biochar can significantly reduce the soil bulk density and increase soil porosity, and the maize season is more significant, fertilizer has the same effect,but the change degree is slightly lower than the biochar effect. Compared with NPK treatment,chicken manure, straw and chemical fertilizer NPK also can significantly reduce the soil bulk density and increase soil porosity, and between straw and chicken manure has no significant difference. chemical fertilizer + straw/chicken manure + biochar application to reduce soil bulk density and increase soil porosity is most significantly2. Compared with CK treatment, single biochar can significantly reduce the < 0.053 mm aggregate proportion, promote small aggregate to larger graded aggregate gathering; NPK treatment have no significant change. Compared with NPK treatment, biochar, straw and chicken manure with chemical fertilizer can significant increase > 0.053 mm each graded aggregate proportion in the same, including straw on promoting > 0.25 mm large aggregate formation effect is more pronounced, promote small aggregate to large aggregate convergence trend. In addition,different materials with fertilizers can improve the MWDS, GMD and R0.25 in different degree,including NPKS treatment improve soil aggregate stability effect is the most obvious.3. Compared with CK treatment, single biochar and fertilizers can improve organic carbon content of soil aggregate in different degree, and has no significant difference in wheat season.Compared with NPK treatment, biochar, straw and chicken manure with chemical fertilizer could significantly increase organic carbon content in the graded aggregate(especially soil large aggregate), among them, the increased effect of the manure + fertilizer + biochar and chicken manure + chemical fertilizer on soil organic carbon in the particle size aggregate are the best effect.In addition, chemical fertilizer with straw on soil large aggregate to organic carbon contributionrate increased most, fertilizer with chicken manure on relatively small aggregat to organic carbon contribution rate increased most.4. Compared with CK treatment, the soil organic matter content of single biochar and fertilizer has promotion in defferent degree, while NPKS treatment and NPKM treatment significantly increased the soil organic matter content, and has no significant difference between straw and chicken manure. NPKSB treatment and NPKMB further improve soil organic matter content,especially in maize season of both lands reached significant level, increased by 2.48% ~ 11.50%,fertilizer + biochar + chicken manure on soil organic matter content increased is most significantly.5. Compared with CK treatment, single biochar treatment improved significantly the soil p H0.10 ~ 0.20, while soil p H of the chemical fertilizer treatmen decreased from 0.09 ~ 0.53.Compared with the NPK treatment, NPKB treatment improved significantly the soil p H 0.13 ~0.38; NPKS treatment soil p H change was not significant, while NPKSB treatment, NPKM treatment and NPKMB soil p H for performance is significantly increased, among them, NPKMB treatment on soil p H increase effect is the best, increased by 0.27 ~ 0.60.6. Compared with CK treatment, single biochar, the soil available nitrogen content in maize harvest was significantly increased by 5.33% ~ 8.62%, and NPK treatment, the soil availible nitrogen content significantly increased by 19.13% ~ 22.29%, NPKB treatment is further increased by 5.77% ~ 19.13%; NPKMB and NPKB treatment significantly increased soil available nitrogen is most obvious. Similarly, Compared with CK treatment, single biochar on soil available phosphorus and available potassium content are not significant, while single chemical fertilizer treatment can significantly increase soil available phosphorus and available potassium content,fertilizer + manure + biochar treatment on soil available phosphorus and available potassium content increase is the most significantly, especially in corn season is the most obvious.7. Compared with CK treatment, single biochar on wheat/maize yield and composition factors has no significant difference, NPK. NPKS and NPKM treatment were significantly improve wheat/maize yield and its components, and there was no significant difference between them, and NPKSB treatment, NPKMB treatment could increase yield of wheat/maize, especially fertilizer +manure + biochar with increase the degree on wheat/maize yields is the most significant,especially in wheat season. single biochar on wheat and maize upper of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation effect is not obvious, and fertilizer + manure + biochar improve effect is the most significant.Above all, the effect of fertilizer + biochar + chicken manure fertilizer is the most significant on yellow clunamon soil, can better reduce the soil bulk density, increase soil porosity, promotethe soil aggregate to a higher grade gathering, increasing soil organic carbon content and total organic matter, and can improve the soil available nutrient content, reduce soil acidification trend,thereby increasing the amounts of accumulated nitrogen aboveground, dry matter accumulation and crop yield. |
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