The Effects Of The Rain Shelter Cultivation On Yield And Quality Of Southern Fresh Jujube

Jujube (Zizyhpus jujuba Mill.) is unique woody grain and eco economic tree species in China, It is early maturing and better quality, has a wide distribution and huge development potential in the southern region. Due to excessive rain, the phenomenon of mass flowering, few fruiting exist in the industry of southern fresh jujube, that restricts seriously the development of the southern fresh jujube.’Zhong qiu Su cui’was used as the test materials, discussing the application effect of rain selter cultivation in the production of the southern fresh jujubes, and further studing the influence of different types of canopy frame and different shelter time, spraying different nutrition elements in flowering stage, applying different amount of micronutrient fertilizer on yield and fruit quality, through the field experimental measurements, the fruit quality analysis, mathematical statistics method. Aims to provide scientific basis for rain selter cultivation. Main results for this study are as follows:1.The study on application effects of rain selter cultivation in Southern fresh jujube shows that:Compared rain shelter cultivation and open field, the cracking fruit rate reduced by 57.6%, fruit setting rate and yield increased by 121% and 121% respectively. Fruit titratable acid, vitamin c, total soluble sugar, soluble solids content, reducing sugar, soluble sugar under rain shelter cultivation are 0.34%,302.8mg/100g,17.86%,26.5%,2.32%,8.10% respectively; the indicators under open field are 0.32%,262.5mg/100g,21.5%,27.5%, 1.71%,5.56% respectively. Throuth the fruit comprehensive assessment, the fruit quality under rain shelter cultivation is obviously higher than open field. Therefore, rain shelter cultivation is compared with open field, dehiscent fruit rate is reduced significantly, fruit setting rate, yield, fruit quality has improved significantly.2. The study on different types of canopy frame and different shelter time shows that: The single-span plastic greenhouse, multi-span plastic greenhouse, the simple bamboo scaffolding, the single arch lew are used in rain shelter cultivation in fullbloom stage,30 days after fullbloom stage,60 days after fullbloom stage,90 days after fullbloom stage, the effect is different obviously. Fruit setting rate under rain shelter cultivation for the above four canopy frame increased by 2.12%,0.95%,0.61%,0.95% than open field, dehiscent fruit rate in 30 days after fullbloom stage achieves the lowest, was reduced by 93.49%,42.65%, 92.85%,33.21% than open field, and comprehensive quality achieves is the most optimal, which in the single-span plastic greenhouse is the best. Input-output ratio of different types of canopy frame from high to low is the single-span plastic greenhouse (7.50:1)> the simple bamboo scaffolding (7.02:1)> open field (4.83:1)> the single arch lew (3.92:1)> multi- span plastic greenhouse (2.78:1).Therefore, the rain selter cultivation with the single-span plastic greenhouse in fullbloom stage can maximize fruit setting rate and yield. The rain selter cultivation in 30 days can produce the best economic benefits, the effect of inducing dehiscent fruit rate and improving the quality was the most obvious.3.The study on influence of nutrient elements on pollen germination, tube growth, yield shows that:the pollen germination and tube growth was inhibited by Zn, Ca, Mo, Mg. while it was enhanced by N, P, K, B. the combination of 0.10g·L-1CO(NH2)2+0.10g·L-1KH2PO4+0.25g·L-1 KCl+0.015g·L-1H3BO3 gave the best result, where the pollen germination percentage and Length of pollen tube were 37.28% and 1293.5μm higher than control.Applying N, P, K, B in rain shelter cultivation has promoting function in different degrees to the jujube fruit setting, the combination of 0.10g·L-1CO(NH2)2+0.10g·L-1KH2PO4+0.20g·L-1KCl+0.02g·L-1 H3BO3 gave the best result, fruit setting rate, yield in rain shelter cultivation is more 3.62,1.03 times than control.4. The study on influence of different combinations of boron,zinc microelement fertilizer on fruit quality shows that:13 fruit quality indexes in 16 different processing of boron, zinc microelement fertilizer is simplified for firmness, fruit weight, water content, total sugar, reductive sugar, VC. It increases pertinence of the boron zinc micronutrient fertilizer. The effect of different amount on quality is different significantly. When boron fertilizer fertilization was applied with 15 kg/hm2, water content and reductive sugar increased by 2.27% and 97.65% respectively than control, the comprehensive quality is the best with 22.5 kg/hm2; When zinc fertilizer fertilization was applied with 15kg/hm2, hardness increased by 10.38% than control, the comprehensive quality is the best with 22.5 kg/hm2; When boron, zinc fertilizer fertilization was applied with 30 kg/hm2, VC increased by 11.44% than control, When boron, zinc fertilizer fertilization was applied with 30 kg/hm2, 15 kg/hm2 respectively, total sugar and fruit weight increased by 26% and 55.14% respectively than control, when boron, zinc micronutrient fertilizer was applied with 15 kg/hm2, the improvement of fruit quality is the most effective, the comprehensive quality is better than other processing. Therefore, the effect of applying different content of boron, zinc micronutrient fertilizer on fruit quality index is not consistent, the comprehensive quality with 15 kg/hm2 is optimal.