The Effects Of Fertilization On Root Organic Acids, Soil Nitrogen Forms And Fungal Diversity Of Phyllostachy Edulis

Phyllostachy edulis is one of the highest value of bamboo plants in China. Its distribution is the largest, and it has high economic value. At present, due to the series of problems like the extensive management, the spread of low yield forest area,the low quality of P. edulis. and the reduced forest soil fertility, it is urgent to take measures to change the situation. The given to determine the soil fertility of soil and plant biomass productivity are both important factors, which restricts the nitrogen utilization factor is the root domain of microorganisms in the transformation of nitrogen forms available, launched on Phyllostachy edulis soil nitrogen nutrition and physiological and ecological research root domain. Based on the experiment that using P. edulis soil and root as experimental material and with four kinds of fertilization treatments(45% slag fertilizer, 39% slag fertilizer, Special fertilizer for P. edulis. and the control), each P. edulis. of different sample plot was surveyed and soil samples were collected from rhizosphere soil in forest farm of Guanshan, Yongfeng city, Jiangxi province in August 2013 by using the combining of conventional methods and high-throughput DNA sequencing methods to study the following contents, The change of soil p H, organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali solution nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen content under four different fertilizer treatments;The organic acids types and each content exudated from different age and fertilized P. edulis Roots under four different fertilizer treatments;The soil fungal diversity under four different fertilizer treatments.The results showed that,(1)Fertilization can increase content of soil organic matter and different nitrogen forms in rhizosphere soil, on the contrary it decreased the soil p H. There was no significant difference(except for alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen) between different ages of P. edulis. Different fertilization treatments had a significant effect on content of nitrogen forms in rhizosphere soil of P. edulis, but there was no significant effect on the composition contribution of soil nitrogen forms to total nitrogen. The organic nitrogen was an important part of soil nitrogen in rhizosphere of P. edulis. The correlations among different fertilizer treatments, different forms of nitrogen with p H and organic matter were different. In the control, p H and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen both were negatively correlated; In 45% slag fertilizer and 39% slag fertilizer treatment, p H with nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were respectively significantly negative related, that indicates that different fertilizers lead to soil acidification caused by different nitrogen forms. Fertilizer changed the correlation of different nitrogen forms. The number of the pair wise indexes which had an observably correlative was minimal in special fertilizer treatment that may due to the ratio of nitrient of special fertilizer is the most suitable for the growth demand of P. edulis.(2) According to the analysis of content of qualitative chromatographic peak of retention time and spectra of samples, the age under different fertilizer treatments root can be detected in four kinds of organic acids respectively, malic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid and succinic acid. Through the peak area of organic acids qualitative analysis found. The overall performance of the malic acid content is, 45% slag fertilizer> control> 39% slag fertilizer> special fertilizer; succinic acid content of the overall performance is, 45% slag fertilizer> 39% slag fertilizer> special fertilizer> control; and the little-changed oxalic acid and citric acid were expressed as 45% slag fertilizer> special fertilizer> 39% slag fertilizer> control. We also found that in the comparison of different ages P. edulis, roots organic content, the organic acids in the overall content of P. edulis. roots with age presented a " on-and off-year " phenomenon.(3) The soil fungal diversity, Relatively blank processing, three kinds of fertilizer processing are characterized by reduced the richness and diversity of soil fungi. Embodied in soil fungi community richness index of the corresponding reduction in Chao/ACE index, it also reflected that the fungi increased and Shannon diversity index, Simpson index value reduced. P. edulis forest soil fungal diversity and richness in different age changed as a law presents like "V".Community structure in soil Were detected in the test sample in five Phylum of fungi, including 430 genes were found. The Zygomycota and Basidiomycota fungi were the advantage Phylum of P. edulis forest soil under four kinds of fertilizer processing community.(4) Analysis of the soil nitrogen and organic matter, p H, four kinds of organic acids, five Phylums bacteria levels of abundance and OTU total correlation found that soil OTU total and Basidiomycota Phylum there is extremely significant correlation, and other various nature doesn’t exist significant correlation; Nature of soil nitrogen nutrient and fungi flora between all has certain significant correlation; Various levels of bacteria, only Chytridiomycota and organic acids in malic acid exists significant correlation, there is no significant correlation with other acid; Malic acid in organic acids and organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali solution nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen are significantly related; Succinic acid and nitrate exist significant correlation.