| Sudangrass [Sorghum sudanense (Piper.) Stapf.] is the most common gramineous forage grass culture around the world, in addition, it is also the ideal biomass energy plants. This study used "Sumu No.3" sudangrass new strains calli as materials, by studying the effect about illumination time, whether the medium containing hormones, activated carbon concentration and the concentration of brassinolide, activated carbon and the concentration of brassinolide compound of tracheary elements differentiation rate for sudangrass calli, and it’s first case for establishing a system for tracheary elements induction in vitro of calli in sudangrass in worldwide, and we obtained and analysed the data about the change of lignin content, soluble phenolic components content and its related enzyme activity in the process of tracheary elements induction in vitro to understand the secondary cell wall of sudangrass lignin synthesis control mechanism, it also settled the technical basis for sudangrass directional breeding. The main results obtained were as follow:1. Under the condition of 16h illumination time and adding 3g/L activated carbon and 2μM brassinolide in the basic medium without plant hormone of TEMC3 and TEMB2, respectively, the tracheary elements differentiation rate reached the highest point about 51.97% and 64.88% after induction culture 20d, respectively. Tracheary elements both appeared at 4d.2. Under the condition of 16h illumination time and adding 3g/L and 5g/L activated carbon in the basic medium including 2μM brassinolide, of TECB2 and TEBC5, respectively, when the induction culture 18 d, the tracheary elements differentiation rate reached the highest point about 62.61% and 78.01%, respectively, tracheary elements started to appear at 3d.3. Under the condition of 16h illumination time, in the process of vitro tracheary elements induction for TEMC3, TEMB2, TECB2 and TEBC5, soluble phenolic components content increased at first and then decreased, the time of maximum value were 12,15,9,9d, maximum value were 1.09,1.12,1.12,1.13μg/mg, respectively; the time of maximum value of Lignin content were 21,27,27,21d, maximum value were 18.11,20.09,19.16,22.40%, respectively.4. Under the condition of 16h illumination time, in the process of vitro tracheary elements induction for TEMC3, TEMB2, TECB2 and TEBC5, PAL activity continue to increased at 3day after induction culture, the time of maximum value were 18 and 21,21,18d, and maximum value were 98.58,111.18,105.30,118.58 pkat/mg, respectively; CAD activity also continue to increased at 3day after induction culture, maximum value of CAD activity were 1394.44, 1477.52,1458.33,1519.45pkat/mg, the time of maximum value were 21,24,18,18d, respectively, after no significant changes; POD activity kept changing after induction culture, maximum value of POD activity were 132.24,112.51,135.39,122.84 U/mg, the time of maximum value were were 9,9,15,21d, respectively.5. Under the condition of 16h illumination time, most of the tracheary elements in treatment of TEMC3, TEMB2, TECB2 and TEBC5 presented reticulate, and part of the pitted, scalariform, helical, ring types; A small amount of tracheid, with its mutual penetration and connection on both ends of the deflection, part of the vessel elements in its wall perforation inter-permeation connection; Under the condition of 16h illumination time and activated carbon and brassinolide in composite processing TECB2 and TEBC5, the proportion of vessel elements was significantly higher than tracheid,. |
