Flight Capacity And The Environmental Adaptation Of Carpomya Vesuviana Costa

Carpomya vesuviana Costa was found in Turpan region for the first time in 2007, which had caused devastating loss to Xinjiang jujube industry and even spread wider and wider. It is important and urgent to clarify the flight capability and adaptability of invasion of the new environment of C. vesuviana Costa, which can prevent its spread and provide the theory basis for control strategy. So, it determined its flight capability by a flight mill, supercooling points and freezing points of all stages, study the tolerance of coldness and high temperature tolerance of it and also discuss antioxidant response to thermal stress. The main research results are as follows:1. The 12 day-old adults of C. vesuviana had the strongest flight capacity. The average flight distance and maximum flight distance of the females were 1.037 and 3.192 km, respectively. Males were 0.943 and 3.085 km, respectively. The flight capacity of C. vesuviana adults increased first and then decreased. The average flight distance and average accumulated flight time of the same day-old female adults were slightly higher than those of the male adults. There were no significant differences in the average flight distance, the average flight speed and the average flight time between the females and the males. The temperature from 28 to 34℃ was suitable for flight and 31℃ was optimum for flight. The results suggest that C. vesuviana adults have fairly strong potential of migration and dispersal.2. The supercooling points at each development stage were different, and there were also differences among individuals in the same stage. Supercooling points and freezing points decreased with the instar of Carpomya vesuviana Costa adding. The mean supercooling point of the 3rd instar larvae was-9.75±0.64℃ and the mean freezing point was-5.53±0.46℃. The mean supercooling point of the 30 day-old pupae was-22.71±1.21℃ and the mean freezing point was-17.01±2.34℃. The mean supercooling point of the 1 day-old pupae was-7.28±1.08℃ and the mean freezing point was-5.49±0.56 ℃. The results presented that the supercooling point of Carpomya vesuviana Costa was low and its cold hardiness was great, which probablely can survive in most jujube yield zone of China.3. The soil relative humidity has the significant influence on the development periods of C.vesuviana pupae and5% to 25% of soil relative humidity is the best humidity for growth of C.vesuviana pupae which can lead to the least day of the average development period that is 27-29 d. Soil relative humidity has the significant influence on the survival rate of C.vesuviana pupae, and5% to 25% of soil relative humidity is the best humidity for survival rate of C.vesuviana pupae which can be higher than 85%.Survival rate of C.vesuviana pupae is low with drought conditions of higher than RH25%. Air relative humidity effects on adults are as follows: survival rate of adults are increased with relative humidity as its range from 15% to 40% and its tolerance of drought enhanced with the increase of age; Low relative humidity had an obvious effect on the survival rate of young adult. The survival rate of 1d age adults is only 43.67% in RH 15% for 48 h, and 13 d age adults is 76.67%. The survival rate of the treated(33℃-45℃) adult decreased with the increase of temperature. Among the range of 33 ℃- 39 ℃ survival rate and treatment duration is independent but in the temperature range of 39 ℃-45 ℃ survival rate reduced with processing time increased. Early emergence of adults can withstand high temperature of 40℃, 13 to 17-day-old adults have the strongest heat resistance, after 90 mins still about 30% of the adults can survive at a high temperature of 45℃ and it can still stand 30 min at a higher temperature of 47℃. C.vesuviana has a high tolerence of drought and temperature.4. With the temperature rising, the jujube fruit fly pupae emergence rate deduced. The temperature between 33 and 36℃ had no obvious effect on the emergence rate; emergence rate of less than 50% when temperature reached 39℃ after 24h; C. vesuviana Costa could not emergence in 42℃ and 45℃(24h); increased with prolongation of treatment duration between 42 and 45℃, eclosion rate of jujube fruit fly decreased but teratogenic rate increased significantly. Bedides, stress conditions of high temperature and low humidity had a significant effect on jujube fruit fly eclosion teratogenesis and with that condition teratogenic effect is more obvious as the soil relative humidity is lower.5. The content of MDA in high temperature and low temperature stress jujube were higher than CK(28℃) increasing significantly. And, The content of MDA is up to 0.550±0.029 nmol?mg-1protein in 45℃(3h)that is higher than others treatment. The activity of POD was significantly decreased in the 41-45℃and 0-4℃, and the minimum is 0.675±0.040 nmol·mg-1protein( by treated 0℃/9h), the decrease trend was not significant in the processing temperature of 33-37 ℃. Jujube fruit flies were subjected to thermal stress,SOD activity was significantly increased, with the increase and decrease of temperature extremes,increased the activity of SOD,while the 45℃ with the stress time prolonging and first increased and then decreased; The activity of CAT was the lowest in 28 ℃, less than 0.7 nmol?mg-1protein, 0℃, 4℃, 33℃, 37℃ CAT activity under the condition of value whilealso increased, but the increase amplitude is smaller, when the temperature reached 41℃and above with the treatment time increased by CAT increased significantly, At a temperature of 45 ℃, the value of 6h was 5.332±0.056 nmol·mg-1protein reached the maximum,the activity of total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) in high or low temperature could maintain higher activity of value to play the role of oxidative stress.