Study On Reproduction And Growth Character Of Prunella Vulgaris L

Prunella vulgaris L. is a perennial herb of Labiatae whose dried spica is used for medicine in china. It is a very important chinese traditional medicine recorded on the Pharmacopecia of People’s Republic of china (ed.2010). P. vulgaris is occasionally used in clinic, such as antihypertensive, Antihyperglycemic, anti-AIDS, and cancer therapy. There are widely used in many fields, which contains pharmaceutical, chemical, food, beverages, and other fields. At present, with sharp increase in demand of P. vulgaris, the short supply is constantly occur in the market, or even the whole plant take place of the spica. Through field investigation, the wild medincine P. vulgaris resoureces in Jiangsu、Anhui is sharply reduced bacause of the artificial and the industrialization. In this paper, the anthor explored the possible reason for reduction of P. vulgaris population from the aspects of population ecology, yield components and reproductive characteristics. The result showed as follows:1. Through study the species composition, diversity and soil physic-chemical properties in different habitats of P. vulgaris in Nanjing, Zhenjiang and Chuzhou. From March to April in2012we found112species in27families in8communities. The diversity analysis showed that community characteristics included species composition, community coverage and height in herb layer were different. The species number was between from27to57in different population; abundance index (Ma) between from3.125to6.550; diversity index (H’) between from0.776to0.941; diversity index (D) at2.239-3.224; and the evenness (Jp) at0.585-0.852. According to the correlation analysis and cluster analysis between the soil environment and community factors in different habitats of P. vulgaris. the result showed that different habitats could be divided into four categories:Changshan population could be as a class; Linxia population could be as a category; Niushoushan, Wuli Miao and Li Dong population could be clustered together; and Zhao dang, Guli and Linyuan plots could be clustered together. The main environmental factors who affected the growth and distribution of Prunella vulgaris L. was soil nutrients, community coverage and species diversity.2. Through study the sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction and reproductive allocation characteristics of Prunella vulgaris L. in different habitats, we found that in heterogeneous environments, the heading rate of Prunella vulgaris L. more than50%(in addition to Linxia populations), indicating their genetic potential was quite large. while the clone module biomass allocation between3.44%-3.44%, which showed that the Prunella vulgaris L. asexual reproduction of clonal plants had great plasticity. In the soil nutrient sufficient and community coverage larger habitat, the reproductive branches, ear weight, seed yield and seed rates of Prunella vulgaris L. were higher relativeiy; while in small coverage and soil relatively barren habitats the character such as reproductive branches, ear weight, seed yield and seed rates associated with sexual reproduction were lower relativeiy; In community moderate coverage and species diversity habitats the sexual reproduction characteristics drastically reduced; and especially in the Linxia population with largest community coverage and highest diversity index, clonal propagation was the main reproductive modes, which mainly was the relatively less number of reproductive branches, cloning branch number and spacer length were larger relatively.3. The experiment used environment factors survey, interior separation and statistical analysis methods, through studied the yield components and morphological characteristics relationship. the result showed that the proportion of aboveground and belowground reached between3.11:1～8.27:1, the Niushou shan population was significantly greater than the other populations. Correlation analysis showed that the stem weight, leaf weight and ear weight were highly significant positive correlation with yield in different growth period. The multiple comparison between morphological characteristics in different habitats results showed that stem diameter and leaf width among populations were no significant difference (P<0.05), while the other morphological showed significant differences.Through correlation analysis, path analysis, linear regression models in different populations, we found that who affected the main components of yield factor were leaf length, leaf number, ear length and reproductive branches.4. According the biomass allocation of Prunella vulgaris L. in different period and different population, we found that from the vegetative, blossom, fruiting period to the period of dormancy, the root, perennial root, leaf biomass allocation showed a trend of decrease after the first increase. The stem and leaf biomass allocation accounted for larger proportion in vegetative and flowering period. While in the seeding period the spica allocation occupied the domainant proportion. The soluble sugar and the biomass allocation was basically the same. In the seeding phase the biomass of Prunella vulgar is L. spica allocation was highest (31.08%), but soluble sugar allocation was lower relatively (7.45%). While cloning modules biomass allocation in fruiting period also reached the maximum (19.41%), and soluble sugar biomass allocation was about2.5times of spica. Different population of Prunella vulgaris L. mainly based on sexual reproduction (in addition to Linxia population). Comprehensive analysis showed that what affected material accumulation was the main environmental factors community coverage, soil nutrients and species diversity probably.